性能测试工具 Jmeter 测试 Dubbo 接口脚本编写

jiong · 2017年09月06日 · 最后由 AnnaWangStar 回复于 2019年06月21日 · 6677 次阅读

1、背景
公司大部分的服务都是非 HTTP 的接口,都是 dubbo 接口,如今需要对一些接口做性能测试。

2、工具准备
Jmeter 3.2、 Java IDE(本文采用 IDEA),Maven 作为包管理工具

3、创建一个 maven 项目,此处可以创建一个 quickstart,参考截图

创建好之后,大概的工程结构是这样的:

其中,resource 中存放 dubbo 配置文件。
说到 resources,此处有一个坑,dubbo-config.xml 中的 http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd 这个 xsd 文件,由于 code.alibabatech.com 已经停止了服务,需要使用下载一个 xsd 然后进行本地导入。此处也可以不用下载,直接在 pom 文件中,配置 dubbo 的依赖,然后下载 dubbo.jar,解压后就会有 dubbo.xsd 文件,拷贝出来即可,参考下图

pom.xml 文件配置

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.12</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!--jmeter依赖的jar包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.jmeter</groupId>
      <artifactId>ApacheJMeter_core</artifactId>
      <version>3.2</version>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>org.codehaus.groovy</groupId>
          <artifactId>groovy-all</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>commons-math3</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-math3</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>commons-pool2</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/dubbo -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
      <version>2.5.3</version>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
          <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.101tec/zkclient -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.101tec</groupId>
      <artifactId>zkclient</artifactId>
      <version>0.3</version>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
          <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.jmeter/ApacheJMeter_java -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.jmeter</groupId>
      <artifactId>ApacheJMeter_java</artifactId>
      <version>3.2</version>
      <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>commons-math3</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-math3</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
          <groupId>commons-pool2</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
      </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <!--spring依赖的jar包-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.36</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

以上 pom 文件配置都是一些基本的配置,没有配置要测试的接口的依赖的 jar 包,实际操作过程中,需要加上。

dubbo-config.xml 的配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                             http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo
                             http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd
                             ">

    <dubbo:application name="要测试接口的应用名" owner="某人"/>
    <dubbo:monitor protocol="registry"/>

    <!-- 使用注册中心暴露发现服务地址 -->
    <dubbo:registry address="zookeeper://zk的地址"/>

    <!-- 生成远程服务代理可以和本地bean一样使用demoService -->

    <dubbo:reference id="iPromiseDubboService"
                     interface="com.dmall.promise.dubbo.IPromiseDubboService" timeout="5000"
                     check="false"/>

</beans>

4、以上配置完毕后,开始撸代码
需要继承 Jmeter 的 AbstractJavaSamplerClient 类,并实现 runTest 方法

public class QueryTimeInfoBySlotId extends AbstractJavaSamplerClient {
    private static final ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("dubbo-config.xml");

    private static IPromiseDubboService iPromiseDubboService;

    public void setupTest(JavaSamplerContext arg0){
        iPromiseDubboService=(IPromiseDubboService)context.getBean("iPromiseDubboService");
    }

    public SampleResult runTest(JavaSamplerContext javaSamplerContext) {
        SampleResult sr = new SampleResult();
        Long timeSlotId=20000l;
        try{
            sr.sampleStart();
          //此处可以增加请求的label,也可以就这样
           // sr.setSampleLabel(title);
            PromiseRemoteResponse<TimeInfo> responseData=iPromiseDubboService.queryTimeInfoBySlotId(timeSlotId);
            if(responseData!=null && "0000".equals(responseData.getCode())){
                sr.setSuccessful(true);
                sr.setResponseData("code: " + responseData.getCode()+"message: " + responseData.getMessage(),"utf-8");
            }else {
                sr.setSuccessful(false);
            }
            sr.sampleEnd();
        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return  sr;
    }
    public  void teardownTest(JavaSamplerContext arg0){
    }
}

5、上面那个类是不需要从 jmeter 中获取参数,如果要从 jmeter 中获取相关的参数,可以参考下面这个类

public class QueryAllOptionalPeriod extends AbstractJavaSamplerClient {

    private static final ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("dubbo-config.xml");

    private static IPromiseDubboService iPromiseDubboService;


// 该方法设置的参数,都会出现在jmeter的参数列表中,并且展示相关设置的默认值
    public Arguments getDefaultParameters(){
        Arguments params = new Arguments();
        params.addArgument("title","casetitle");
        params.addArgument("erpStoreId", "110");
        params.addArgument("latitude", "116.435292");
        params.addArgument("longitude","39.994951");
        params.addArgument("saleType","1");
        return params;
    }


    public void setupTest(JavaSamplerContext arg0){
        iPromiseDubboService=(IPromiseDubboService)context.getBean("iPromiseDubboService");
    }

    public SampleResult runTest(JavaSamplerContext javaSamplerContext) {
        SampleResult sr = new SampleResult();
        //从jmeter 中获取相关的参数,组装后,调用相关的接口
        long erpStoreId=Long.parseLong(javaSamplerContext.getParameter("erpStoreId"));
        Double latitude=Double.parseDouble(javaSamplerContext.getParameter("latitude"));
        Double longitude=Double.parseDouble(javaSamplerContext.getParameter("longitude"));
        String title=javaSamplerContext.getParameter("title");
        Integer saleType=Integer.parseInt(javaSamplerContext.getParameter("saleType"));

        System.out.println("param is :  tilte is : " + title+"erpStoreId: " +  erpStoreId
                + "latitude : "+ latitude + "longitude: " + longitude +"saleType: " +saleType);


        PromiseVO promiseVO = new PromiseVO();
        promiseVO.setErpStoreId(erpStoreId);
        Location location = new Location();
        location.setLongitude(longitude);
        location.setLatitude(latitude);
        promiseVO.setUserLocation(location);

        promiseVO.setSaleType(saleType);
        try{
            sr.sampleStart();
            sr.setSampleLabel(title);
            PromiseRemoteResponse<List<OptionalPeriod>> responseData=iPromiseDubboService.queryAllOptionalPeriod(promiseVO);
            if(responseData!=null && "0000".equals(responseData.getCode())){
                sr.setSuccessful(true);
                sr.setResponseData("code : " + responseData.getCode() + "message: " + responseData.getMessage(),"utf-8");
            }else{
                sr.setSuccessful(false);
            }
            sr.sampleEnd();

        }catch (Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


        return sr;
    }
    public  void teardownTest(JavaSamplerContext arg0){
    }

}

6、调试代码
写完了,固然可以打成一个 jar 包,然后传到 jmeter 的 lib/ext 下面进行调试,但是这样太麻烦了
这里可以直接用 main 方法调试
当这里 main 方法调试成功了后,再打 jar 包,上传到 jmeter 的相关路径,再进行测试,会高效很多。

public class TestMain {
    public static final void  main(String [] args){

        JavaSamplerContext arg0 = new JavaSamplerContext(new Arguments());

        QueryPreSaleOptionalPeriod test=new QueryPreSaleOptionalPeriod();
        test.setupTest(arg0);
        test.runTest(arg0);

    }
}

7、调试通之后,将代码打成 jra 包
注意,需要将 xsd,dubbo-config.xml 都要打在 jar 包里面,需要在 pom 文件中,还需要配置一些插件

<build>
    <plugins>
      <!--复制jar包插件将使用到的jar包复制到target/lib中-->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>copy-dependencies</id>
            <phase>prepare-package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
              <overWriteReleases>false</overWriteReleases>
              <overWriteSnapshots>false</overWriteSnapshots>
              <overWriteIfNewer>true</overWriteIfNewer>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>


      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
        <artifactId>build-helper-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>1.8</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>add-resource</id>
            <phase>generate-resources</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>add-resource</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
              <resources>
                <resource>
                  <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                  <includes>
                    <include>*</include>
                  </includes>
                </resource>
              </resources>
            </configuration>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>

      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
        <configuration>
          <descriptorRefs>
            <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
          </descriptorRefs>
          <archive>
            <manifest>
              <mainClass>TestMain.Main</mainClass>
            </manifest>
          </archive>
        </configuration>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>make-assembly</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>single</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>


    </plugins>

这样,执行 maven package 后,targer 下面会有两个东西,是我们需要的:

将此处的 jar 文件拷贝到 jmeter 的 lib/ext 里面
然后将 lib 下面的各种依赖的第三方的 jar 拷贝到 jmeter 的的 lib-dependency(自己创建一个就行)

8、因为步骤 7 中引入的第三方的 jar 包都放在了 lib-dependency 中,所以需要指定 jmeter 启动的时候,加载这个目录下的 jar 包
修改 jmeter.properties 中的 search_paths,配置相关的依赖的 jar 的路径

9、启动 jmeter,创建一个 java 请求,

10、此处可以把参数放在 csv 文件里,然后测试各种不同的场景

11、以上做完之后,简单调试下脚本,能够正常运行,然后将相关的依赖,脚本,数据文件传到压测机上,调整线程数,进行正式的压测

本文完
下面是 jmeter 在非 GUI 模式下的分布式测试配置和操作,可以参考。
性能测试过程中,一般是找个 linux 服务器,用命令行模式进行压测
jmeter non GUI 运行分布式压测
前期准备:master 和 slave 尽量使用相同的 jmeter 版本,避免一些奇葩的问题。

配置
slave 机器:启动 jmeter-server &(后台启动)
master 机器:配置 remote_host= slave 机器的 ip
PS: 此处如果 master 也要参与压测,需要启动 master 机器上的 jmeter-server,然后 remote_host 中需要配置 master 机器的 ip

启动命令,在 master 机器上执行:
方式一:指定其中一台机器或者多台
sh jmeter.sh -n -t ../../promise-test/testcase10.jmx -R 192.168.90.130
方式二:全部的 slave 都躁起来压测
sh jmeter.sh -n -t ../../promise-test/testcase10.jmx -r
Attention:注意 slave 和 master 的 host 配置,一定要有这条 host,
本机 ip hostname (不可以是 127.0.0.1,也不可以是 localhsot)
参考 URL: http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/jmeter/tags/v2_4/docs/usermanual/remote-test.html

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—— 来自 TesterHome 官方 安卓客户端

楼主,请教个问题,我进行完第 8 步(修改 jmeter 的 search_paths)之后,报错如下:
jmeter.JMeter: An error occurred: java.lang.VerifyError: Cannot inherit from final class

在路上 从 0 到 1,搭建 dubbo 接口自动化测试 中提及了此贴 10月27日 16:47

2018/07/16 20:40:14 ERROR - jmeter.gui.GuiPackage: Problem retrieving gui for org.apache.jmeter.protocol.java.control.gui.JavaTestSamplerGui java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/ApplicationContext
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.java.config.gui.JavaConfigGui.actionPerformed(JavaConfigGui.java:169)
at javax.swing.JComboBox.fireActionEvent(Unknown Source)
at javax.swing.JComboBox.setSelectedItem(Unknown Source)
at javax.swing.JComboBox.setSelectedIndex(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.java.config.gui.JavaConfigGui.clearGui(JavaConfigGui.java:278)
at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.java.control.gui.JavaTestSamplerGui.clearGui(JavaTestSamplerGui.java:97)
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.GuiPackage.createTestElement(GuiPackage.java:339)
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.AddToTree.doAction(AddToTree.java:68)
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.ActionRouter.performAction(ActionRouter.java:80)
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.ActionRouter.access$000(ActionRouter.java:40)
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.ActionRouter$1.run(ActionRouter.java:62)
at java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.access$500(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.security.ProtectionDomain$JavaSecurityAccessImpl.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
... 27 more

2018/07/16 20:40:20 ERROR - jmeter.gui.action.AddToTree: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/ApplicationContext
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.GuiPackage.createTestElement(GuiPackage.java:350)
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.AddToTree.doAction(AddToTree.java:68)
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.ActionRouter.performAction(ActionRouter.java:80)
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.ActionRouter.access$000(ActionRouter.java:40)
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.action.ActionRouter$1.run(ActionRouter.java:62)
at java.awt.event.InvocationEvent.dispatch(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEventImpl(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.access$500(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue$3.run(Unknown Source)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.security.ProtectionDomain$JavaSecurityAccessImpl.doIntersectionPrivilege(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventQueue.dispatchEvent(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpOneEventForFilters(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForFilter(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEventsForHierarchy(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.pumpEvents(Unknown Source)
at java.awt.EventDispatchThread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/springframework/context/ApplicationContext
at java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.forName(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.java.config.gui.JavaConfigGui.actionPerformed(JavaConfigGui.java:169)
at javax.swing.JComboBox.fireActionEvent(Unknown Source)
at javax.swing.JComboBox.setSelectedItem(Unknown Source)
at javax.swing.JComboBox.setSelectedIndex(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.java.config.gui.JavaConfigGui.clearGui(JavaConfigGui.java:278)
at org.apache.jmeter.protocol.java.control.gui.JavaTestSamplerGui.clearGui(JavaTestSamplerGui.java:97)
at org.apache.jmeter.gui.GuiPackage.createTestElement(GuiPackage.java:339)
... 18 more
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext
at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(Unknown Source)
... 27 more
安装第 8 步,创建 Java sample 时,提示找不到这个类

小李 回复

第 8 步是配置啊,没有启动,怎么会报错

插件方式生成依赖 jar 失败,手动导出依赖 jar 包后,修改 jmeter.properties 后,jmeter 启动不了,怀疑是 jar 包冲突,想知道你的 spring.version

An error occurred: class org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SimpleTriggerBean has interface org.quartz.SimpleTrigger as super class

回复

已离职原公司,源代码看不到了,不好意思

simple 专栏文章:[精华帖] 社区历年精华帖分类归总 中提及了此贴 12月13日 14:44
simple [精彩盘点] TesterHome 社区 2018 年 度精华帖 中提及了此贴 01月07日 12:08

提问一:main 调试完后,需要将 main 方法也打到 jar 包中吗?
提问二:在 jmeter 中添加 Java 请求遇到问题:

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