对 robotium 不了解，所以发起一个讨论帖，看看其他人了解不。
目前不少公司，比如网易，使用的是这个工具。

阅读了 robotium，初步感觉是使用插桩体系来进行自动化。毕竟目前低版本的 android 只有这一条方式了。
如果是只有 apk 的情况下。官方有如下说明

With Robotium it is possible to run test cases on applications where you only have the apk file.

For step by step instructions with images download this tutorial.

Introduction
The .apk file has to have the same signature as your test project. If you do not have the signature key of the .apk file then you need to remove the signature and resign it with you own key, android debug key can be used. A drag and drop java tool can be downloaded from here which strips the apk file from its signature and then signs it with your android debug key. If the new apk is not saved then try to run the re-sign tool as an administrator. In windows that would be done by right clicking the re-sign.jar and select run as administrator. In OS X it can be done by opening up the terminal and then "sudo java -jar re-sign.jar".

The android debug key is used by Eclipse when signing applications and test projects before installing them on the emulator/device. Many times it is easier to just use that key when resigning the apk.

也就是说，如果是针对手机 qq 这种，对自身签名有判断的应用，其实是不行的。

所以 appium 在这点上，具有很好的优势。appium 是可以跨 app 的，而且可以自动化系统的 ui 功能