PyUnit 提供的动态方法，只编写一个测试类来完成对整个软件模块的测试，这样对象的初始化工作可以在 setUp() 方法中完成，而资源的释放则可以在 tearDown() 方法中完成。

使用 PyUnit 可以像 xunit 那样设置一个个函数，分别测试不同的数据和不同的用例。
例如，构建下面的测试类，测试远程 API 服务

class Request:
     def __init__(self):
         pass
     def request(self,RequestMethod,RequestURL,param,requestHeaders):
         return Request.__dict__[RequestMethod](self,RequestURL,param,requestHeaders)
     def get(self,RequestURL,param,requestHeaders):
         RequestURL=RequestURL+"?"+urllib.parse.urlencode(param)
         req = url.Request(RequestURL)
         result = url.urlopen(req).read()
         return result
     def post(self,RequestURL,param,requestHeaders):
         postdata= json.dumps(param)
         req = url.Request(
             url = RequestURL,
             data = postdata.encode("utf-8"),
             headers = requestHeaders
         )   
         result = url.urlopen(req).read()
         return result

获取其中执行结果并进行断言，构造下面的测试类

class APITest(unittest.TestCase):
     def setUp(self):
         self.r=Request()
     def test_UserPermisionQueryPost(self):
         RequestURL="http://10.125.198.137/permission/table/listUserTablePermissions.json"
         RequestMethod="post"
         requestHeaders={"Accept":"*/*",}
         param={
         "tablePermissionParam": {
            "currentPage": 1,
            "pageSize": 50,
            "tablename": "s_auction_auctions",
            "usernames": [
                "067765"
            ]
        }
        }
         expectResult=b'{"returnCode":"0","returnValue":[{"id":2067,"username":"067765","tablename":"s_auction_auctions","packagename":"yunti1.taobao","readlevelpermission":2,"permissiontime":
 "2014-03-18 06:02:10","distabletime":"2015-03-18 06:02:08","permissionstatus":1,"gmtCreate":"2014-03-18 06:02:10","gmtModify":"2014-03-18 06:02:10","columns":["id","title"]}]}'
         self.assertEqual(self.r.request(RequestMethod,RequestURL,param,requestHeaders),expectResult)
     def test_UserPermisionQueryGet(self):
         RequestMethod="get"
         RequestURL="http://10.125.198.137/permission/table/listUserTablePermissions"
         param={"tablename":"s_auction_auctions"}
         expectResult=b'{"returnCode":"0","returnValue":[{"id":2067,"username":"067765","tablename":"s_auction_auctions","packagename":"yunti1.taobao","readlevelpermission":2,"permissiontime":
 "2014-03-18 06:02:10","distabletime":"2015-03-18 06:02:08","permissionstatus":1,"gmtCreate":"2014-03-18 06:02:10","gmtModify":"2014-03-18 06:02:10","columns":["id","title"]},{"id":2066,      
 "username":"068521","tablename":"s_auction_auctions","packagename":"yunti1.taobao","readlevelpermission":2,"permissiontime":"2014-03-18 06:02:10","distabletime":"2015-03-18 06:02:08",        
 "permissionstatus":1,"gmtCreate":"2014-03-18 06:02:10","gmtModify":"2014-03-18 06:02:10","columns":["id","title"]}],"count":2}'
         self.assertEqual(self.r.request(RequestMethod,RequestURL,param,""),expectResult)

PyUnit 模块中定义了一个名为 main 的全局方法，使用它可以很方便地将一个单元测试模块变成可以直接运行的测试脚本，main() 方法使用 TestLoader 类来搜索所有包含在该模块中的测试方法，并自动执行它们。如果 Python 程序员能够按照约定（以 test 开头）来命名所有的测试方法，那就只需要在测试模块的最后加入如下几行代码即可：

if __name__=='__main__':
     unittest.main()

或者通过自己添加的方式决定哪些用例需要真正的被执行

def suite():
     suite = unittest.TestSuite()
     suite.addTest(APITest("test_UserPermisionQueryGet"))
     suite.addTest(APITest("test_UserPermisionQueryPost"))
     runner = unittest.TextTestRunner()
     runner.run(suite)

当选择 main 函数作为入口的时候，还可以获取到帮助信息

python3 ./Request.py  -h
Usage: Request.py [options]

Options:
  -h, --help      show this help message and exit
  -v, --verbose   Verbose output
  -q, --quiet     Quiet output
  -f, --failfast  Stop on first fail or error
  -c, --catch     Catch ctrl-C and display results so far
  -b, --buffer    Buffer stdout and stderr during tests

直接在命令行中指定 testSuite.testcase

python3 ./Request.py APITest.test_UserPermisionQueryGet
.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 0.179s

OK