设计初衷：
解决我们项目的接口测试痛点。从之前的 1-2 小时测试时间压缩到现在的 1 分钟以内，效率提升，效果显著
对于读者：
关于框架代码结构：
结构设计可能有些问题，但是不影响使用
此框架服务于测试流程、效率，是一个工具
至少目前认为手工 + 自动化才是最符合我们项目
主要用于重试连接超时接口、response 响应码非 200 的接口、其他异常情况
读取遍历前的全部接口名，与上一步的数据求 diff
diff 接口再从遍历前的接口中取出相关数据，加入重试队列
重试上述步骤，直至 diff 不存在或重试次数耗尽
def retry11(app_type, retry=3):
"""
重试机制，默认3次
:param app_type: 0 >> A; 1 >> B; 2 >> C; 3 >> D
:param retry: 重试次数
:return:
"""
r1 = Retry(retry)
if len(r1.get_diff()) > 0:
print('发现diff接口，重试机制启动...')
r1.retry1(app_type)
class Retry(object):
def __init__(self, retry):
self.retry = retry
self.after_normal_sessions_path = '%s%s%s' % (
utils.GlobalList.SESSIONS_PATH, "\\Sessions\\", utils.GlobalList.HOST)
def __get_normal_after_sessions(self):
"""
获取遍历后正常（接口通过）的接口列表
:return:
"""
return utils.FileUtil.get_file_list(self.after_normal_sessions_path)
def __get_not_normal_after_sessions(self):
"""
获取需要人工验证的接口VerifyRequest
:return:
"""
return self.__get_check_after_sessions('VerifyRequest')
def __get_crash_after_sessions(self):
"""
获取程序异常接口ProgramCrash
:return:
"""
return self.__get_check_after_sessions('ProgramCrash')
def __get_unexpected_after_sessions(self):
"""
获取非预期接口Unexpected
:return:
"""
return self.__get_check_after_sessions('Unexpected')
def __get_field_change_after_sessions(self):
"""
获取字段改变接口FieldChange
:return:
"""
return self.__get_check_after_sessions('FieldChange')
def __get_check_after_sessions(self, sessions_type):
"""
获取需要检查的接口列表，已去重
:param sessions_type:
:return:
"""
path = '%s%s%s%s' % (self.after_normal_sessions_path, '\\Check\\', sessions_type, '.txt')
try:
l = open(path, encoding='utf-8').readlines()
sessions1 = ('%s%s' % (i.replace('\n', '')[::-1].split('/', 1)[0][::-1], '.txt') for i in l if
i.startswith('Request url: '))
return list(set(sessions1))
except FileNotFoundError:
return ()
def get_diff(self):
"""
获取diff接口
diff 接口包含类型
1.response 响应码 非200的接口
2.请求超时的接口
3.其他未知情况的接口（如 代码异常导致）
:return:
"""
before_sessions = utils.GlobalList.BEFORE_SESSIONS
after_sessions = []
normal_after_sessions = self.__get_normal_after_sessions()
not_normal_after_sessions = self.__get_not_normal_after_sessions()
unexpected_after_sessions = self.__get_unexpected_after_sessions()
field_change_after_sessions = self.__get_field_change_after_sessions()
crash_after_sessions = self.__get_crash_after_sessions()
if str(type(normal_after_sessions)) != "<class 'NoneType'>":
after_sessions.extend(normal_after_sessions)
if str(type(not_normal_after_sessions)) != "<class 'NoneType'>":
after_sessions.extend(not_normal_after_sessions)
if str(type(crash_after_sessions)) != "<class 'NoneType'>":
after_sessions.extend(crash_after_sessions)
if str(type(unexpected_after_sessions)) != "<class 'NoneType'>":
after_sessions.extend(unexpected_after_sessions)
if str(type(field_change_after_sessions)) != "<class 'NoneType'>":
after_sessions.extend(field_change_after_sessions)
return list(set(before_sessions).difference(set(after_sessions)))
def __get_diff_sessions(self):
"""
从本地磁盘读取diff接口sessions(request url; request header; ...)
pass: 一个接口多条session
:return:
"""
diff = self.get_diff()
for d in diff:
print('diff sessions: %s' % (d, ))
total_session = sessions.ReadSessions.ReadSessions().get_single_session(d)
if len(total_session) == 0:
print('发现录制异常接口：' + d)
print('执行移除操作，移除重试队列')
# 移除录制异常的接口
os.remove('%s%s%s%s%s' % (utils.GlobalList.SESSIONS_PATH, "\\Api\\", utils.GlobalList.HOST, "\\", d))
# 全局变量遍历前的全部接口也需要移除
utils.GlobalList.BEFORE_SESSIONS.remove(d)
else:
yield sessions.ReadSessions.ReadSessions().get_single_session(d)
def __will_request_sessions(self):
"""
将要重跑的sessions，把多个接口的多个session合并为一个列表
:return:
"""
s = self.__get_diff_sessions()
for i in s:
for j in i:
yield j
def __request_sessions(self, app_type):
"""
请求接口
:return:
"""
s = self.__will_request_sessions()
base.Request.thread_pool(app_type, s)
def retry1(self, app_type):
"""
重试的接口类型
1.response 响应码 非200的接口
2.请求超时的接口
3.其他未知情况的接口（如 代码异常导致）
注意：已经知道失败的接口不会再重试，目前是这样考虑的
:return:
"""
temp = self.retry
while self.retry > 0:
self.retry -= 1
# 请求接口
self.__request_sessions(app_type)
print('第%d次尝试请求diff...' % (temp - self.retry, ))
# 再次求差异化文件，还有diff继续，否则停止
if len(self.get_diff()) > 0 and self.retry > 0:
print('发现diff存在，继续尝试请求...')
continue
else:
break
print('diff请求完成...')
目的：在于避免接口回放创建的数据（如发朋友圈）对线上数据的影响
思路：通过一个接口对（如：发朋友圈与删除朋友圈），即创建数据与删除数据完成操作
def clear_up(app_type):
"""
执行清理创建的数据
:param app_type:
:return:
"""
print("清理创建的接口数据...")
DelaySessions().request_sessions(app_type)
class DelaySessions(object):
def __init__(self):
self.create_session_path = '%s%s%s%s' % (utils.GlobalList.SESSIONS_PATH, "\\Sessions\\", utils.GlobalList.HOST, "\\")
self.delete_session_path = '%s%s%s%s' % (utils.GlobalList.SESSIONS_PATH, "\\Api\\", utils.GlobalList.HOST, "\\")
self.create_sessions_parameter_value = self.__get_all_session_create_parameter()
def __get_single_session_create_parameter(self, session_name):
"""
获取单个创建数据接口response body json中创建数据成功的字段
:return:
"""
total_session = []
parameter = []
file_path = '%s%s%s' % (self.create_session_path, session_name, '.txt')
if os.path.exists(file_path):
total_session = sessions.ReadSessions.ReadSessions().get_single_session_full_path(
'%s%s%s' % (self.create_session_path, session_name, '.txt'))
req = re.compile(r'"%s":[0-9]+' % (utils.GlobalList.CREATE_DICT[session_name], ))
for i in total_session:
parameter.append(re.findall(req, i[-1])[0].split(":")[-1])
return parameter
def __get_all_session_create_parameter(self):
"""
获取所有创建数据接口response body json中创建数据成功的字段
:return:
"""
create_parameter = {}
for i in utils.GlobalList.CREATE_DICT.keys():
create_parameter[i] = self.__get_single_session_create_parameter(i)
return create_parameter
def __get_single_session_delete_parameter(self, session_name):
"""
替换单个删除数据接口request body中传入删除数据的字段值i
:return:
"""
total_session = []
delete_session_name = utils.GlobalList.DELETE_DICT[session_name]
file_path = '%s%s%s' % (self.delete_session_path, session_name, '.txt')
if os.path.exists(file_path):
total_session = sessions.ReadSessions.ReadSessions().get_single_session_full_path(file_path)
req = re.compile(r'%s=[0-9]+' % (delete_session_name, ))
for i in total_session:
if len(i) == 4:
temp = re.findall(req, i[1])[0].split('=')[-1]
for j in utils.GlobalList.MAPPING_DICT.keys():
if j == session_name:
# 匹配对应的创建数据接口
create_session_name = utils.GlobalList.MAPPING_DICT[session_name]
# 取第一个值，用完删除
value = self.create_sessions_parameter_value[create_session_name][0]
i = str(i).replace(str(temp), value) # 替换value
l = list(self.create_sessions_parameter_value[create_session_name])
l.remove(value)
self.create_sessions_parameter_value[create_session_name] = l
return eval(i)
def __get_all_session_delete_parameter(self):
"""
替换全部删除数据接口request body中传入删除数据的字段值，并返回一个即将请求接口的list
:return:
"""
# 根据创建数据接口找到对应的删除接口，并拿出创建数据接口值的长度，多长就调用多少次对应删除接口
for i in self.create_sessions_parameter_value.keys():
for j in utils.GlobalList.MAPPING_DICT.keys():
if utils.GlobalList.MAPPING_DICT[j] == i:
for k in range(1, len(self.create_sessions_parameter_value[i]) + 1):
# 此处可优化 目前会读取多次文件
yield self.__get_single_session_delete_parameter(j)
def request_sessions(self, app_type):
"""
请求删除接口
:return:
"""
s = self.__get_all_session_delete_parameter()
base.Request.thread_pool(app_type, s)
print("接口数据清理完成！")
目的：校验是否缺失字段、校验字段类型是否改变、校验结果是否预期结果
思路：遍历 response body json 生成 <字段 | 字段类型的 item> 存入 list
pass：
2 个 list 可能存在字段相差太大的情况
解决方案
收获：
字段类型改变（一般会导致客户端崩溃，当然客户端容错机制也没做到位）
Diff: ['CircleUserName|int', 'CircleUserName|str']
"CircleId":6420,"CircleUserName":0,"PostDate":""
"CircleId":6152,"CircleUserName":"虾米","PostDate":"2016年07月22日"
再细化的 response 字段校验：
目前的字段校验是抽象的，适用全部接口
后面单个接口自动化时再针对单个接口的更细的字段校验
遍历 json 取出字段及其类型
def decode_json(self, json_data):
"""
解析json并返回对应的key|value
:param json_data: json数据源
:return: 返回json各字段以及字段值
"""
try:
data = json.loads(json_data)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
print("JSON format error")
return []
self.__iterate_json(data)
return self.json_list
def __iterate_json(self, json_data, i=0):
"""
遍历json
:param i: 遍历深度
:param json_data: json数据源
:return: 返回json各字段以及字段值
"""
if isinstance(json_data, dict):
for k in json_data.keys():
self.json_list.append('%s|%s' % (k, str(type(json_data[k])).split("'")[1]))
if str(type(json_data[k])).startswith("<class 'list'>"):
if len((json_data[k])) and isinstance(json_data[k][0], dict):
self.__iterate_json(json_data[k][0], i=i + 1)
if isinstance(json_data[k], dict):
self.__iterate_json(json_data[k], i=i + 1)
else:
print("JSON format error")
接口回归测试启动...
清理测试数据...
读取配置文件中...
读取接口数据中...
接口请求中，请等待...
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Circle/AddCancelCollectCircle
....................................................
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/GroupActivity/UploadActivityImage
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/photo/UploadImage
RequestException url: http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
HTTPConnectionPool(host='http://a-b.test.c.com', port=80): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)
IndexError url:
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
接口请求完成！
发现diff接口，重试机制启动...
第1次尝试请求diff...
diff sessions: GetDemandKnockSourceListV4.txt
diff sessions: GetSecondHouseTopic.txt
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/SecondHouseSource/GetSecondHouseTopic
RequestException url: http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
HTTPConnectionPool(host='http://a-b.test.c.com', port=80): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)
IndexError url:
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
发现diff存在，继续尝试请求...
第2次尝试请求diff...
diff sessions: GetDemandKnockSourceListV4.txt
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
RequestException url: http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
HTTPConnectionPool(host='http://a-b.test.c.com', port=80): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)
IndexError url:
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
发现diff存在，继续尝试请求...
第3次尝试请求diff...
diff sessions: GetDemandKnockSourceListV4.txt
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
RequestException url: http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
HTTPConnectionPool(host='http://a-b.test.c.com', port=80): Read timed out. (read timeout=30)
IndexError url:
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/GetDemandKnockSourceListV4
diff请求完成...
正在整理创建的数据...
清理创建的接口数据...
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Circle/DeleteContent
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Group/DeleteAnnouncement
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/RentDemand/DeleteRentDemandById
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/GroupFile/DeleteGroupFile
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/GroupDynamic/DeleteGroupDynamic
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/Demand/DeleteDemandById
http://a-b.test.c.com/api/GroupActivity/DeleteGroupActivity
接口数据清理完成！
测试报告准备中...
接口回归测试完成！
耗时： 125s
FieldChange >> 字段改变的接口写入该文件
ProgramCrash >> 程序异常接口写入该文件
Unexpected >> 未达到预期字段校验的接口写入该文件
VerifyRequest >> 需要再次确认的接口写入该文件
GetUserInfoV2 >> 正常接口（一个接口一个文件）