云原生手把手教你一套完善且高效的 k8s 离线部署方案

京东云开发者 · 2022年12月20日 · 7226 次阅读

作者：郝建伟

背景

面对更多项目现场交付，偶而会遇到客户环境不具备公网条件，完全内网部署，这就需要有一套完善且高效的离线部署方案。

系统资源

编号	主机名称	IP	资源类型	CPU	内存	磁盘
01	k8s-master1	10.132.10.91	CentOS-7	4c	8g	40g
02	k8s-master1	10.132.10.92	CentOS-7	4c	8g	40g
03	k8s-master1	10.132.10.93	CentOS-7	4c	8g	40g
04	k8s-worker1	10.132.10.94	CentOS-7	8c	16g	200g
05	k8s-worker2	10.132.10.95	CentOS-7	8c	16g	200g
06	k8s-worker3	10.132.10.96	CentOS-7	8c	16g	200g
07	k8s-worker4	10.132.10.97	CentOS-7	8c	16g	200g
08	k8s-worker5	10.132.10.98	CentOS-7	8c	16g	200g
09	k8s-worker6	10.132.10.99	CentOS-7	8c	16g	200g
10	k8s-harbor&deploy	10.132.10.100	CentOS-7	4c	8g	500g
11	k8s-nfs	10.132.10.101	CentOS-7	2c	4g	2000g
12	k8s-lb	10.132.10.120	lb 内网	2c	4g	40g

参数配置

注：在全部节点执行以下操作

系统基础设置

工作、日志及数据存储目录设定

$ mkdir -p /export/servers
$ mkdir -p /export/logs
$ mkdir -p /export/data
$ mkdir -p /export/upload

内核及网络参数优化

$ vim /etc/sysctl.conf

# 设置以下内容
fs.file-max = 1048576
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 5
net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_stale_time = 120
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 0
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce = 2 
vm.max_map_count = 262144

# 及时生效
sysctl -w vm.max_map_count=262144

ulimit 优化

$ vim /etc/security/limits.conf 

# 设置以下内容
* soft memlock unlimited
* hard memlock unlimited
* soft nproc 102400
* hard nproc 102400
* soft nofile 1048576
* hard nofile 1048576

基础环境准备

ansible 安装

1. 环境说明

名称	说明
操作系统	CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003
ansible	2.9.27
节点	deploy

2. 部署说明

物联管理平台机器数量繁多，需要 ansible 进行批量操作机器，节省时间，需要从部署节点至其他节点 root 免密。

注：在不知道root密码情况下，可以手动操作名密，按以下操作步骤执行：
# 需要在部署机器上执行以下命令生成公钥
$ ssh-keygen -t rsa
# 复制~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub内容，并粘贴至其他节点~/.ssh/authorized_keys文件里面
# 如果没有authorized_keys文件，可先执行创建创建在进行粘贴操作
$ touch ~/.ssh/authorized_keys

3. 部署步骤

1） 在线安装

$ yum -y install https://releases.ansible.com/ansible/rpm/release/epel-7-x86_64/ansible-2.9.27-1.el7.ans.noarch.rpm

2） 离线安装

# 提前上传ansible及所有依赖rpm包，并切换至rpm包目录
$ yum -y ./*rpm

3） 查看版本

$ ansible --version
ansible 2.9.27
  config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = [u'/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', u'/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 2.7.5 (default, Apr  2 2020, 13:16:51) [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)]

4） 设置管理主机列表

$ vim /etc/ansible/hosts

[master]
10.132.10.91    node_name=k8s-master1
10.132.10.92    node_name=k8s-master2
10.132.10.93    node_name=k8s-master3

[worker]
10.132.10.94    node_name=k8s-worker1
10.132.10.95    node_name=k8s-worker2
10.132.10.96    node_name=k8s-worker3
10.132.10.97    node_name=k8s-worker4
10.132.10.98    node_name=k8s-worker5
10.132.10.99    node_name=k8s-worker6

[etcd]
10.132.10.91    etcd_name=etcd1
10.132.10.92    etcd_name=etcd2
10.132.10.93    etcd_name=etcd3

[k8s:children]
master
worker

5） 禁用 ssh 主机检查

$ vi /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
# 修改以下设置
# uncomment this to disable SSH key host checking
host_key_checking = False

6） 取消 SELINUX 设定及放开防火墙

$ ansible k8s -m command -a "setenforce 0"
$ ansible k8s -m command -a "sed --follow-symlinks -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config"
$ ansible k8s -m command -a "firewall-cmd --set-default-zone=trusted"
$ ansible k8s -m command -a "firewall-cmd --complete-reload"
$ ansible k8s -m command -a "swapoff -a"

7）hosts 设置

$ cd /export/upload && vim hosts_set.sh
#设置以下脚本内容
#!/bin/bashcat > /etc/hosts << EOF
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
10.132.10.100 deploy harbor
10.132.10.91 master01
10.132.10.92 master02
10.132.10.93 master03
10.132.10.94 worker01
10.132.10.95 worker02
10.132.10.96 worker03
10.132.10.97 worker04
10.132.10.98 worker05
10.132.10.99 worker06
EOF

$ ansible new_worker -m copy -a 'src=/export/upload/hosts_set.sh dest=/export/upload'
$ ansible new_worker -m command -a 'sh /export/upload/hosts_set.sh'

docker 安装

1. 环境说明

名称	说明
操作系统	CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003
docker	docker-ce-20.10.17
节点	deploy

2. 部署说明

此处的 docker 主要用于 harbor 针对镜像的操作，包括镜像的打 tag 以及 push，用于后期部署 pod 的时候直接通过 harbor 私有镜像库拉取。

3. 部署方法

1） 在线安装

$ yum -y install docker-ce-20.10.17

2） 离线安装

# 提前上传docker及所有依赖rpm包，并切换至rpm包目录
$ yum -y ./*rpm

3） 重新加载配置文件，启动并查看状态

$ systemctl start docker
$ systemctl status docker

4） 设置开机自启

$ systemctl enable docker

5） 查看版本

$ docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.17 
 API version:       1.41 
 Go version:        go1.17.11 
 Git commit:        100c701 
 Built:             Mon Jun  6 23:05:12 2022 
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64 
 Context:           default 
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:  
  Version:          20.10.17  
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)  
  Go version:       go1.17.11  
  Git commit:       a89b842  
  Built:            Mon Jun  6 23:03:33 2022  
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64  
  Experimental:     false 
 containerd:  
  Version:          1.6.8  
  GitCommit:        9cd3357b7fd7218e4aec3eae239db1f68a5a6ec6 
 runc: 
  Version:          1.1.4  
  GitCommit:        v1.1.4-0-g5fd4c4d 
 docker-init:  
 Version:          0.19.0  
 GitCommit:        de40ad0

docker-compose 安装

1. 环境说明

名称	说明
操作系统	CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003
docker-compose	docker-compose-linux-x86_64
节点	deploy

2. 部署说明

harbor 私有镜像库依赖。

3. 部署方法

1） 下载 docker-compose 并上传至服务器

$ curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/v2.9.0/docker-compose-linux-x86_64 -o docker-compose

2） 修改 docker-compose 执行权限

$ mv docker-compose /usr/local/bin/
$ chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
$ docker-compose version

3） 查看版本

$ docker-compose version
Docker Compose version v2.9.0

harbor 安装

1. 环境说明

名称	说明
操作系统	CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003
harbor	harbor-offline-installer-v2.4.3
节点	harbor

2. 部署说明

私有镜像仓库。

3. 下载 harbor 离线安装包并上传至服务器

$ wget https://github.com/goharbor/harbor/releases/download/v2.4.3/harbor-offline-installer-v2.4.3.tgz

4. 解压安装包

$ tar -xzvf harbor-offline-installer-v2.4.3.tgz -C /export/servers/
$ cd /export/servers/harbor

5. 修改配置文件

$ mv harbor.yml.tmpl harbor.yml
$ vim harbor.yml

6. 设置以下内容

hostname: 10.132.10.100
http.port: 8090
data_volume: /export/data/harbor
log.location: /export/logs/harbor

7. 导入 harbor 镜像

$ docker load -i harbor.v2.4.3.tar.gz 
# 等待导入harbor依赖镜像文件
$ docker images
REPOSITORY                      TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED       SIZE
goharbor/harbor-exporter        v2.4.3    776ac6ee91f4   4 weeks ago   81.5MB
goharbor/chartmuseum-photon     v2.4.3    f39a9694988d   4 weeks ago   172MB
goharbor/redis-photon           v2.4.3    b168e9750dc8   4 weeks ago   154MB
goharbor/trivy-adapter-photon   v2.4.3    a406a715461c   4 weeks ago   251MB
goharbor/notary-server-photon   v2.4.3    da89404c7cf9   4 weeks ago   109MB
goharbor/notary-signer-photon   v2.4.3    38468ac13836   4 weeks ago   107MB
goharbor/harbor-registryctl     v2.4.3    61243a84642b   4 weeks ago   135MB
goharbor/registry-photon        v2.4.3    9855479dd6fa   4 weeks ago   77.9MB
goharbor/nginx-photon           v2.4.3    0165c71ef734   4 weeks ago   44.4MB
goharbor/harbor-log             v2.4.3    57ceb170dac4   4 weeks ago   161MB
goharbor/harbor-jobservice      v2.4.3    7fea87c4b884   4 weeks ago   219MB
goharbor/harbor-core            v2.4.3    d864774a3b8f   4 weeks ago   197MB
goharbor/harbor-portal          v2.4.3    85f00db66862   4 weeks ago   53.4MB
goharbor/harbor-db              v2.4.3    7693d44a2ad6   4 weeks ago   225MB
goharbor/prepare                v2.4.3    c882d74725ee   4 weeks ago   268MB

8. 启动 harbor

./prepare  # 如果有二次修改harbor.yml文件，请执行使配置文件生效
./install.sh --help # 查看启动参数
./install.sh --with-chartmuseum

运行环境搭建

docker 安装

1. 环境说明

名称	说明
操作系统	CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003
docker	docker-ce-20.10.17
节点	k8s 集群全部节点

2. 部署说明

k8s 容器运行环境 docker 部署

3. 部署方法

1） 上传 docker 及依赖 rpm 包

$ ls /export/upload/docker-rpm.tgz

2） 分发安装包

$ ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=/export/upload/docker-rpm.tgz dest=/export/upload/"
# 全部节点返回以下信息
CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "acd3897edb624cd18a197bcd026e6769797f4f05", 
    "dest": "/export/upload/docker-rpm.tgz", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "3ba6d9fe6b2ac70860b6638b88d3c89d", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "secontext": "system_u:object_r:usr_t:s0", 
    "size": 103234394, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1661836788.82-13591-17885284311930/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0
}

3） 执行解压并安装

$ ansible k8s -m shell -a "tar xzvf /export/upload/docker-rpm.tgz -C /export/upload/ && yum -y install /export/upload/docker-rpm/*"

4） 设置开机自启并启动

$ ansible k8s -m shell -a "systemctl enable docker && systemctl start docker"

5） 查看版本

$ ansible k8s -m shell -a "docker version"
# 全部节点返回以下信息
CHANGED | rc=0 >>
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.17
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.17.11
 Git commit:        100c701
 Built:             Mon Jun  6 23:05:12 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.17
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.17.11
  Git commit:       a89b842
  Built:            Mon Jun  6 23:03:33 2022
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.8
  GitCommit:        9cd3357b7fd7218e4aec3eae239db1f68a5a6ec6
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.4
  GitCommit:        v1.1.4-0-g5fd4c4d
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0

kubernetes 安装

有网环境安装

# 添加阿里云YUM的软件源：
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF

下载离线安装包

# 创建rpm软件存储目录：
mkdir -p /export/download/kubeadm-rpm

# 执行命令：
yum install -y kubelet-1.22.4 kubeadm-1.22.4 kubectl-1.22.4 --downloadonly --downloaddir /export/download/kubeadm-rpm

无网环境安装

1） 上传 kubeadm 及依赖 rpm 包

$ ls /export/upload/
kubeadm-rpm.tgz

2） 分发安装包

$ ansible k8s -m copy -a "src=/export/upload/kubeadm-rpm.tgz dest=/export/upload/"
# 全部节点返回以下信息
CHANGED => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    }, 
    "changed": true, 
    "checksum": "3fe96fe1aa7f4a09d86722f79f36fb8fde69facb", 
    "dest": "/export/upload/kubeadm-rpm.tgz", 
    "gid": 0, 
    "group": "root", 
    "md5sum": "80d5bda420db6ea23ad75dcf0f76e858", 
    "mode": "0644", 
    "owner": "root", 
    "secontext": "system_u:object_r:usr_t:s0", 
    "size": 67423355, 
    "src": "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1661840257.4-33361-139823848282879/source", 
    "state": "file", 
    "uid": 0
}

3） 执行解压并安装

$ ansible k8s -m shell -a "tar xzvf /export/upload/kubeadm-rpm.tgz -C /export/upload/ && yum -y install /export/upload/kubeadm-rpm/*"

4） 设置开机自启并启动

$ ansible k8s -m shell -a "systemctl enable kubelet && systemctl start kubelet"
注：此时kubelet启动失败，会进入不断重启，这个是正常现象，执行init或join后问题会自动解决，对此官网有如下描述，也就是此时不用理会kubelet.service，可执行发下命令查看kubelet状态。
$ journalctl -xefu kubelet

4） 分发依赖镜像至集群节点

# 可以在有公网环境提前下载镜像
$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:v1.8.4
$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.5.0-0
$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.22.4
$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.22.4
$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.22.4
$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.22.4
$ docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.5
$ docker pull rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0
$ docker pull rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.1
# 导出镜像文件，上传部署节点并导入镜像库
$ ls /export/upload

$ docker load -i google_containers-coredns-v1.8.4.tar
$ docker load -i google_containers-etcd:3.5.0-0.tar
$ docker load -i google_containers-kube-apiserver:v1.22.4.tar
$ docker load -i google_containers-kube-controller-manager-v1.22.4.tar
$ docker load -i google_containers-kube-proxy-v1.22.4.tar
$ docker load -i google_containers-kube-scheduler-v1.22.4.tar
$ docker load -i google_containers-pause-3.5.tar
$ docker load -i rancher-mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin-v1.1.0.tar
$ docker load -i rancher-mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-v0.19.1.tar

# 镜像打harbor镜像库tag
$ docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:v1.8.4 10.132.10.100:8090/community/coredns:v1.8.4
$ docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.5.0-0 10.132.10.100:8090/community/etcd:3.5.0-0
$ docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.22.4 10.132.10.100:8090/community/kube-apiserver:v1.22.4
$ docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.22.4 10.132.10.100:8090/community/kube-controller-manager:v1.22.4
$ docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.22.4 10.132.10.100:8090/community/kube-proxy:v1.22.4
$ docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.22.4 10.132.10.100:8090/community/kube-scheduler:v1.22.4
$ docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.5 10.132.10.100:8090/community/pause:3.5
$ docker tag rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0 10.132.10.100:8090/community/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0
$ docker tag rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.1 10.132.10.100:8090/community/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.1

# 推送至harbor镜像库
$ docker push 192.168.186.120:8090/community/coredns:v1.8.4
$ docker push 192.168.186.120:8090/community/etcd:3.5.0-0
$ docker push 192.168.186.120:8090/community/kube-apiserver:v1.22.4
$ docker push 192.168.186.120:8090/community/kube-controller-manager:v1.22.4
$ docker push 192.168.186.120:8090/community/kube-proxy:v1.22.4
$ docker push 192.168.186.120:8090/community/kube-scheduler:v1.22.4
$ docker push 192.168.186.120:8090/community/pause:3.5
$ docker push 192.168.186.120:8090/community/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0
$ docker push 192.168.186.120:8090/community/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.1

5）部署首个 master

$ kubeadm init \
--control-plane-endpoint "10.132.10.91:6443" \
--image-repository 10.132.10.100/community \
--kubernetes-version v1.22.4 \
--service-cidr=172.16.0.0/16 \
--pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 \
--token "abcdef.0123456789abcdef" \
--token-ttl "0" \
--upload-certs

# 显示以下信息
[init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.22.4
[preflight] Running pre-flight checks
    [WARNING Firewalld]: firewalld is active, please ensure ports [6443 10250] are open or your cluster may not function correctly
[preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster
[preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection
[preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'
[certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki"
[certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key
[certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local master01] and IPs [172.16.0.1 10.132.10.91]
[certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [localhost master01] and IPs [10.132.10.91 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key
[certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [localhost master01] and IPs [10.132.10.91 127.0.0.1 ::1]
[certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key
[certs] Generating "sa" key and public key
[kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes"
[kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"
[kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"
[kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet
[control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager"
[control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler"
[etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"
[wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s
[apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 11.008638 seconds
[upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.22" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster
[upload-certs] Storing the certificates in Secret "kubeadm-certs" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[upload-certs] Using certificate key:
9151ea7bb260a42297f2edc486d5792f67d9868169310b82ef1eb18f6e4c0f13
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node master01 as control-plane by adding the labels: [node-role.kubernetes.io/master(deprecated) node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane node.kubernetes.io/exclude-from-external-load-balancers]
[mark-control-plane] Marking the node master01 as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule]
[bootstrap-token] Using token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
[bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to get nodes
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token
[bootstrap-token] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster
[bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace
[kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key
[addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS
[addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy

Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully!

To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user:

  mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
  sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
  sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run:

  export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf

You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster.
Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at:
  https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/

You can now join any number of the control-plane node running the following command on each as root:

  kubeadm join 10.132.10.91:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:4884a98b0773bc89c36dc5fa51569293103ff093e9124431c4c8c2d5801a96a2 \
    --control-plane --certificate-key 9151ea7bb260a42297f2edc486d5792f67d9868169310b82ef1eb18f6e4c0f13

Please note that the certificate-key gives access to cluster sensitive data, keep it secret!
As a safeguard, uploaded-certs will be deleted in two hours; If necessary, you can use
"kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs" to reload certs afterward.

Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root:

kubeadm join 10.132.10.91:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:4884a98b0773bc89c36dc5fa51569293103ff093e9124431c4c8c2d5801a96a2

6）生成 kubelet 环境配置文件

# 执行命令
$ mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
$ sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
$ sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

7）配置网络插件 flannel

# 创建flannel.yml文件
$ touch /export/servers/kubernetes/flannel.yml
$ vim /export/servers/kubernetes/flannel.yml
# 设置以下内容，需要关注有网无网时对应的地址切换
---
kind: Namespace
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel
  labels:
    pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: privileged
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
rules:
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - pods
  verbs:
  - get
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes
  verbs:
  - list
  - watch
- apiGroups:
  - ""
  resources:
  - nodes/status
  verbs:
  - patch
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: flannel
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: flannel
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-flannel
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: flannel
  namespace: kube-flannel
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-cfg
  namespace: kube-flannel
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
data:
  cni-conf.json: |
    {
      "name": "cbr0",
      "cniVersion": "0.3.1",
      "plugins": [
        {
          "type": "flannel",
          "delegate": {
            "hairpinMode": true,
            "isDefaultGateway": true
          }
        },
        {
          "type": "portmap",
          "capabilities": {
            "portMappings": true
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  net-conf.json: |
    {
      "Network": "10.244.0.0/16",
      "Backend": {
        "Type": "vxlan"
      }
    }
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: kube-flannel-ds
  namespace: kube-flannel
  labels:
    tier: node
    app: flannel
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: flannel
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        tier: node
        app: flannel
    spec:
      affinity:
        nodeAffinity:
          requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
            nodeSelectorTerms:
            - matchExpressions:
              - key: kubernetes.io/os
                operator: In
                values:
                - linux
      hostNetwork: true
      priorityClassName: system-node-critical
      tolerations:
      - operator: Exists
        effect: NoSchedule
      serviceAccountName: flannel
      initContainers:
      - name: install-cni-plugin
        # 在有网环境下可以切换下面地址
        # image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0
        # 在无网环境下需要使用私有harbor地址
        image: 10.132.10.100:8090/community/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel-cni-plugin:v1.1.0
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /flannel
        - /opt/cni/bin/flannel
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni-plugin
          mountPath: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: install-cni
        # 在有网环境下可以切换下面地址
        # image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.1
        # 在无网环境下需要使用私有harbor地址
        image: 10.132.10.100:8090/community/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.1
        command:
        - cp
        args:
        - -f
        - /etc/kube-flannel/cni-conf.json
        - /etc/cni/net.d/10-flannel.conflist
        volumeMounts:
        - name: cni
          mountPath: /etc/cni/net.d
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
      containers:
      - name: kube-flannel
        # 在有网环境下可以切换下面地址
        # image: docker.io/rancher/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.1
        # 在无网环境下需要使用私有harbor地址
        image: 10.132.10.100:8090/community/mirrored-flannelcni-flannel:v0.19.1
        command:
        - /opt/bin/flanneld
        args:
        - --ip-masq
        - --kube-subnet-mgr
        resources:
          requests:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
          limits:
            cpu: "100m"
            memory: "50Mi"
        securityContext:
          privileged: false
          capabilities:
            add: ["NET_ADMIN", "NET_RAW"]
        env:
        - name: POD_NAME
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.name
        - name: POD_NAMESPACE
          valueFrom:
            fieldRef:
              fieldPath: metadata.namespace
        - name: EVENT_QUEUE_DEPTH
          value: "5000"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: run
          mountPath: /run/flannel
        - name: flannel-cfg
          mountPath: /etc/kube-flannel/
        - name: xtables-lock
          mountPath: /run/xtables.lock
      volumes:
      - name: run
        hostPath:
          path: /run/flannel
      - name: cni-plugin
        hostPath:
          path: /opt/cni/bin
      - name: cni
        hostPath:
          path: /etc/cni/net.d
      - name: flannel-cfg
        configMap:
          name: kube-flannel-cfg
      - name: xtables-lock
        hostPath:
          path: /run/xtables.lock
          type: FileOrCreate

8）安装网络插件 flannel

# 生效yml配置文件
$ kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml

# 查看pods状态
$ kubectl get pods -A
NAMESPACE      NAME                               READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-flannel   kube-flannel-ds-kjmt4              1/1     Running   0          148m
kube-system    coredns-7f84d7b4b5-7qr8g           1/1     Running   0          4h18m
kube-system    coredns-7f84d7b4b5-fljws           1/1     Running   0          4h18m
kube-system    etcd-master01                      1/1     Running   0          4h19m
kube-system    kube-apiserver-master01            1/1     Running   0          4h19m
kube-system    kube-controller-manager-master01   1/1     Running   0          4h19m
kube-system    kube-proxy-wzq2t                   1/1     Running   0          4h18m
kube-system    kube-scheduler-master01            1/1     Running   0          4h19m

9）加入其他 master 节点

# 在master01执行如下操作
# 查看token列表
$ kubeadm token list

# master01执行init操作后生成加入命令如下
$ kubeadm join 10.132.10.91:6443 \
--token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:4884a98b0773bc89c36dc5fa51569293103ff093e9124431c4c8c2d5801a96a2 \
--control-plane --certificate-key 9151ea7bb260a42297f2edc486d5792f67d9868169310b82ef1eb18f6e4c0f13

# 在其他master节点执行如下操作
# 分别执行上一步的加入命令，加入master节点至集群
$ kubeadm join 10.132.10.91:6443 \
--token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:4884a98b0773bc89c36dc5fa51569293103ff093e9124431c4c8c2d5801a96a2 \
--control-plane --certificate-key 9151ea7bb260a42297f2edc486d5792f67d9868169310b82ef1eb18f6e4c0f13

# 此处如果报错，一般是certificate-key过期，可以在master01执行如下命令更新
$ kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs
3b647155b06311d39faf70cb094d9a5e102afd1398323e820cfb3cfd868ae58f

# 将上面生成的值替换certificate-key值再次在其他master节点执行如下命令
$ kubeadm join 10.132.10.91:6443 \
--token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:4884a98b0773bc89c36dc5fa51569293103ff093e9124431c4c8c2d5801a96a2     
--control-plane 
--certificate-key 3b647155b06311d39faf70cb094d9a5e102afd1398323e820cfb3cfd868ae58f

# 生成kubelet环境配置文件
$ mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
$ sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
$ sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config

# 在任意master节点执行查看节点状态命令
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME       STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
master01   Ready    control-plane,master   5h58m   v1.22.4
master02   Ready    control-plane,master   45m     v1.22.4
master03   Ready    control-plane,master   44m     v1.22.4

9）加入 worker 节点

# 在其他worker节点执行master01执行init操作后生成的加入命令如下
# 分别执行上一步的加入命令，加入master节点至集群
$ kubeadm join 10.132.10.91:6443 \
--token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:4884a98b0773bc89c36dc5fa51569293103ff093e9124431c4c8c2d5801a96a2

# 此处如果报错，一般是token过期，可以在master01执行如下命令重新生成加入命令
$ kubeadm token create --print-join-command
kubeadm join 10.132.10.91:6443 \
--token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:cf30ddd3df1c6215b886df1ea378a68ad5a9faad7933d53ca9891ebbdf9a1c3f

# 将上面生成的加入命令再次在其他worker节点执行
# 查看集成状态
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME       STATUS   ROLES                  AGE     VERSION
master01   Ready    control-plane,master   6h12m   v1.22.4
master02   Ready    control-plane,master   58m     v1.22.4
master03   Ready    control-plane,master   57m     v1.22.4
worker01   Ready    <none>                 5m12s   v1.22.4
worker02   Ready    <none>                 4m10s   v1.22.4
worker03   Ready    <none>                 3m42s   v1.22.4

10）配置 kubernetes dashboard

apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
    - port: 443
      targetPort: 8443
      nodePort: 31001
  selector:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque

---

kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["secrets"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
    verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["configmaps"]
    resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
    verbs: ["get", "update"]
    # Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["proxy"]
  - apiGroups: [""]
    resources: ["services/proxy"]
    resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
    verbs: ["get"]

---

kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
  # Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
  - apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
    resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
    verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: Role
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: kubernetes-dashboard
    namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  name: kubernetes-dashboard
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
    spec:
      securityContext:
        seccompProfile:
          type: RuntimeDefault
      containers:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard
          image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.5.0
          imagePullPolicy: Always
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8443
              protocol: TCP
          args:
            - --auto-generate-certificates
            - --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
            # Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
            # If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
            # to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
            # - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
          volumeMounts:
            - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
              mountPath: /certs
              # Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
            - mountPath: /tmp
              name: tmp-volume
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTPS
              path: /
              port: 8443
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      volumes:
        - name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
          secret:
            secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule

---

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  ports:
    - port: 8000
      targetPort: 8000
  selector:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper

---

kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
  labels:
    k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
  replicas: 1
  revisionHistoryLimit: 10
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
    spec:
      securityContext:
        seccompProfile:
          type: RuntimeDefault
      containers:
        - name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
          image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.7
          ports:
            - containerPort: 8000
              protocol: TCP
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              scheme: HTTP
              path: /
              port: 8000
            initialDelaySeconds: 30
            timeoutSeconds: 30
          volumeMounts:
          - mountPath: /tmp
            name: tmp-volume
          securityContext:
            allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
            readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
            runAsUser: 1001
            runAsGroup: 2001
      serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
      nodeSelector:
        "kubernetes.io/os": linux
      # Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
      tolerations:
        - key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
          effect: NoSchedule
      volumes:
        - name: tmp-volume
          emptyDir: {}

11）生成 dashboard 自签证书

$ mkdir -p /export/servers/kubernetes/certs && cd /export/servers/kubernetes/certs/
$ openssl genrsa -out dashboard.key 2048
$ openssl req -days 3650 -new -key dashboard.key -out dashboard.csr -subj /C=CN/ST=BEIJING/L=BEIJING/O=JD/OU=JD/CN=172.16.16.42
$ openssl x509 -req -days 3650 -in dashboard.csr -signkey dashboard.key -out dashboard.crt

12）执行以下操作命令

# 去除主节点的污点
$ kubectl taint nodes --all node-role.kubernetes.io/master-
# 创建命名空间
$ kubectl create namespace kubernetes-dashboard
# 创建Secret
$ kubectl create secret tls kubernetes-dashboard-certs -n kubernetes-dashboard --key dashboard.key \
--cert dashboard.crt

13）生效 dashboard yml 配置文件

$ kubectl apply -f /export/servers/kubernetes/dashboard.yml
# 查看pods状态
$ kubectl get pods -A | grep kubernetes-dashboard
kubernetes-dashboard   dashboard-metrics-scraper-c45b7869d-rbdt4   1/1     Running   0               15m
kubernetes-dashboard   kubernetes-dashboard-764b4dd7-rt66t         1/1     Running   0               15m

14）访问 dashboard 页面

# web浏览器访问地址：IP地址为集群任意节点（可以是LB地址）https://192.168.186.121:31001/#/login

15）制作访问 token

# 新增配置文件 dashboard-adminuser.yaml
$ touch /export/servers/kubernetes/dashboard-adminuser.yaml && vim /export/servers/kubernetes/dashboard-adminuser.yaml
# 输入以下内容
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: admin-user
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: admin-user
  namespace: kubernetes-dashboard

# 执行yaml文件
$ kubectl create -f /export/servers/kubernetes/dashboard-adminuser.yaml
# 预期输出结果
serviceaccount/admin-user created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/admin-user created
# 说明：上面创建了一个叫admin-user的服务账号，并放在kubernetes-dashboard命名空间下，并将cluster-admin角色绑定到admin-user账户，这样admin-user账户就有了管理员的权限。默认情况下，kubeadm创建集群时已经创建了cluster-admin角色，直接绑定即可

# 查看admin-user账户的token
$ kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard describe secret $(kubectl -n kubernetes-dashboard get secret | grep admin-user | awk '{print $1}')
# 预期输出结果
Name:         admin-user-token-9fpps
Namespace:    kubernetes-dashboard
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  kubernetes.io/service-account.name: admin-user
              kubernetes.io/service-account.uid: 72c1aa28-6385-4d1a-b22c-42427b74b4c7

Type:  kubernetes.io/service-account-token

Data
====
ca.crt:     1099 bytes
namespace:  20 bytes
token:      eyJhbGciOiJSUzI1NiIsImtpZCI6IjFEckU0NXB5Yno5UV9MUFkxSUpPenJhcTFuektHazM1c2QzTGFmRzNES0EifQ.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.oA3NLhhTaXd2qvWrPDXat2w9ywdWi_77SINk4vWkfIIzMmxBEHnqvDIBvhRC3frIokNSvT71y6mXN0KHu32hBa1YWi0MuzF165ZNFtM_rSQiq9OnPxeFvLaKS-0Vzr2nWuBx_-fTt7gESReSMLEJStbPb1wOnR6kqtY66ajKK5ILeIQ77I0KXYIi7GlPEyc6q4bIjweZ0HSXDPR4JSnEAhrP8Qslrv3Oft4QZVNj47x7xKC4dyyZOMHUIj9QhkpI2gMbiZ8XDUmNok070yDc0TCxeTZKDuvdsigxCMQx6AesD-8dca5Hb8Sm4mEPkGJekvMzkLkM97y_pOBPkfTAIA

# 把上面命令执行获取到的Token复制到登录界面的Token输入框中，即可正常登录dashboard

13）登录 dashboard 如下

kubectl 安装

1. 环境说明

名称	说明
操作系统	CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003
kubectl	kubectl-1.22.4-0.x86_64
节点	deploy

2. 部署说明

Kubernetes kubectl 客户端。

3. 解压之前上传的 kubadm-rpm 包

$ tar xzvf kubeadm-rpm.tgz

4. 执行安装

$ rpm -ivh bc7a9f8e7c6844cfeab2066a84b8fecf8cf608581e56f6f96f80211250f9a5e7-kubectl-1.22.4-0.x86_64.rpm

5. 增加执行权限

# 生成kubelet环境配置文件
$ mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
$ sudo touch $HOME/.kube/config
$ sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
# 从任意master节点复制内容至上面的配置文件

6. 查看版本

$ kubectl version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"22", GitVersion:"v1.22.4", GitCommit:"b695d79d4f967c403a96986f1750a35eb75e75f1", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2021-11-17T15:48:33Z", GoVersion:"go1.16.10", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"22", GitVersion:"v1.22.4", GitCommit:"b695d79d4f967c403a96986f1750a35eb75e75f1", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2021-11-17T15:42:41Z", GoVersion:"go1.16.10", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

helm 安装

1. 环境说明

名称	说明
操作系统	CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003
helm	helm-v3.9.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
节点	deploy

2. 部署说明

Kubernetes 资源包及配置管理工具。

3. 下载 helm 离线安装包并上传至服务器

$ wget https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.9.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz

4. 解压安装包

$ tar -zxvf helm-v3.9.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /export/servers/
$ cd /export/servers/linux-amd64

5. 增加执行权限

$ cp linux-amd64/helm /usr/local/bin/
$ chmod +x /usr/local/bin/helm

6. 查看版本

$ helm version
version.BuildInfo{Version:"v3.9.3", GitCommit:"414ff28d4029ae8c8b05d62aa06c7fe3dee2bc58", GitTreeState:"clean", GoVersion:"go1.17.13"}

设置本地存储挂载 nas

$ mkdir /export/servers/helm_chart/local-path-storage && cd /export/servers/helm_chart/local-path-storage/local-path-storage.yaml
$ vim local-path-storage.yaml
# 设置以下内容，设置"paths":["/home/admin/local-path-provisioner"] 为nas目录，没有目录需要创建
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: local-path-storage

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: local-path-provisioner-service-account
  namespace: local-path-storage

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: local-path-provisioner-role
rules:
  - apiGroups: [ "" ]
    resources: [ "nodes", "persistentvolumeclaims", "configmaps" ]
    verbs: [ "get", "list", "watch" ]
  - apiGroups: [ "" ]
    resources: [ "endpoints", "persistentvolumes", "pods" ]
    verbs: [ "*" ]
  - apiGroups: [ "" ]
    resources: [ "events" ]
    verbs: [ "create", "patch" ]
  - apiGroups: [ "storage.k8s.io" ]
    resources: [ "storageclasses" ]
    verbs: [ "get", "list", "watch" ]

---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: local-path-provisioner-bind
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: local-path-provisioner-role
subjects:
  - kind: ServiceAccount
    name: local-path-provisioner-service-account
    namespace: local-path-storage

---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: local-path-provisioner
  namespace: local-path-storage
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: local-path-provisioner
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: local-path-provisioner
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: local-path-provisioner-service-account
      containers:
        - name: local-path-provisioner
          image: rancher/local-path-provisioner:v0.0.21
          imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
          command:
            - local-path-provisioner
            - --debug
            - start
            - --config
            - /etc/config/config.json
          volumeMounts:
            - name: config-volume
              mountPath: /etc/config/
          env:
            - name: POD_NAMESPACE
              valueFrom:
                fieldRef:
                  fieldPath: metadata.namespace
      volumes:
        - name: config-volume
          configMap:
            name: local-path-config

---
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
kind: StorageClass
metadata:
  name: local-path
provisioner: rancher.io/local-path
volumeBindingMode: WaitForFirstConsumer
reclaimPolicy: Delete

---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: local-path-config
  namespace: local-path-storage
data:
  config.json: |-
    {
            "nodePathMap":[
            {
                    "node":"DEFAULT_PATH_FOR_NON_LISTED_NODES",
                    "paths":["/nas_data/jdiot/local-path-provisioner"] 
            }
            ]
    }
  setup: |-
    #!/bin/sh
    while getopts "m:s:p:" opt
    do
        case $opt in
            p)
            absolutePath=$OPTARG
            ;;
            s)
            sizeInBytes=$OPTARG
            ;;
            m)
            volMode=$OPTARG
            ;;
        esac
    done

    mkdir -m 0777 -p ${absolutePath}
  teardown: |-
    #!/bin/sh
    while getopts "m:s:p:" opt
    do
        case $opt in
            p)
            absolutePath=$OPTARG
            ;;
            s)
            sizeInBytes=$OPTARG
            ;;
            m)
            volMode=$OPTARG
            ;;
        esac
    done

    rm -rf ${absolutePath}
  helperPod.yaml: |-
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: Pod
    metadata:
      name: helper-pod
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: helper-pod
        image: busybox

注：以上依赖镜像需要从公网环境下载依赖并导入镜像库，需要设置以上对应镜像地址从私有镜像库拉取镜像

生效本地存储 yaml

$ kubectl apply -f local-path-storage.yaml -n local-path-storage

设置 k8s 默认存储

$ kubectl patch storageclass local-path  -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"true"}}}'

注：后面部署的中间件及服务需要修改对应的存储为本地存储："storageClass": "local-path"

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云原生 手把手教你一套完善且高效的 k8s 离线部署方案

云原生 手把手教你一套完善且高效的 k8s 离线部署方案

背景

系统资源

参数配置

系统基础设置

ulimit 优化

基础环境准备

ansible 安装

1. 环境说明

2. 部署说明

3. 部署步骤

docker 安装

1. 环境说明

2. 部署说明

3. 部署方法

docker-compose 安装

1. 环境说明

2. 部署说明

3. 部署方法

harbor 安装

1. 环境说明

2. 部署说明

3. 下载 harbor 离线安装包并上传至服务器

4. 解压安装包

5. 修改配置文件

6. 设置以下内容

7. 导入 harbor 镜像

8. 启动 harbor

运行环境搭建

docker 安装

1. 环境说明

2. 部署说明

3. 部署方法

kubernetes 安装

kubectl 安装

helm 安装

云原生手把手教你一套完善且高效的 k8s 离线部署方案

云原生手把手教你一套完善且高效的 k8s 离线部署方案