连接设备

有多种方式可以连接

• wifi 首先要保证你的手机（10.0.0.1）和电脑在同一个局域网内

import uiautomator2 as u2

d = u2.connect('10.0.0.1')  # alias for u2.connect_wifi('10.0.0.1')
print(d.info)

• usb
  usb 通过设备号连接,可以通过adb devices 查看

import uiautomator2 as u2

d = u2.connect('123456f') # alias for u2.connect_usb('123456f')
print(d.info)

• adb wifi

import uiautomator2 as u2

d = u2.connect_adb_wifi("10.0.0.1:5555")

# Equals to 
# + Shell: adb connect 10.0.0.1:5555
# + Python: u2.connect_usb("10.0.0.1:5555")

全局设置

里面包含一些u2全局设置的属性

• Http debug

>>> d.debug = True
>>> d.info
12:32:47.182 $ curl -X POST -d '{"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": "b80d3a488580be1f3e9cb3e926175310", "method": "deviceInfo", "params": {}}' 'http://127.0.0.1:54179/jsonrpc/0'
12:32:47.225 Response >>>
{"jsonrpc":"2.0","id":"b80d3a488580be1f3e9cb3e926175310","result":{"currentPackageName":"com.android.mms","displayHeight":1920,"displayRotation":0,"displaySizeDpX":360,"displaySizeDpY":640,"displayWidth":1080,"productName"
:"odin","screenOn":true,"sdkInt":25,"naturalOrientation":true}}
<<< END

• 默认等待超时时间

d.implicitly_wait(10.0)
d(text="Settings").click() # if Settings button not show in 10s, UiObjectNotFoundError will raised

print("wait timeout", d.implicitly_wait()) # get default implicit wait

将会作用在这些方法中 click, long_click, drag_to, get_text, set_text, clear_text,等.

app 管理

• 安装

d.app_install('http://some-domain.com/some.apk')

• 唤起 app

# 默认的这种方法是先通过atx-agent解析apk包的mainActivity，然后调用am start -n $package/$activity启动
d.app_start("com.example.hello_world")

# 使用 monkey -p com.example.hello_world -c android.intent.category.LAUNCHER 1 启动
# 这种方法有个附带的问题，它自动会将手机的旋转锁定给关掉
d.app_start("com.example.hello_world", use_monkey=True) # start with package name

# 通过指定main activity的方式启动应用，等价于调用am start -n com.example.hello_world/.MainActivity
d.app_start("com.example.hello_world", ".MainActivity")

• 停止 app

# equivalent to `am force-stop`, thus you could lose data
d.app_stop("com.example.hello_world") 
# equivalent to `pm clear`
d.app_clear('com.example.hello_world')

• 停止所有运行的 app

# stop all
d.app_stop_all()
# stop all app except for com.examples.demo
d.app_stop_all(excludes=['com.examples.demo'])

• 获取 app 信息

d.app_info("com.examples.demo")
# expect output
#{
#    "mainActivity": "com.github.uiautomator.MainActivity",
#    "label": "ATX",
#    "versionName": "1.1.7",
#    "versionCode": 1001007,
#    "size":1760809
#}

# save app icon
img = d.app_icon("com.examples.demo")
img.save("icon.png")

• 获取所有正在运行的 app

d.app_list_running()
# expect output
# ["com.xxxx.xxxx", "com.github.uiautomator", "xxxx"]

• 等待 app 运行

pid = d.app_wait("com.example.android") # 等待应用运行, return pid(int)
if not pid:
    print("com.example.android is not running")
else:
    print("com.example.android pid is %d" % pid)

d.app_wait("com.example.android", front=True) # 等待应用前台运行
d.app_wait("com.example.android", timeout=20.0) # 最长等待时间20s（默认）

• 传文件到设备

# push to a folder
d.push("foo.txt", "/sdcard/")
# push and rename
d.push("foo.txt", "/sdcard/bar.txt")
# push fileobj
with open("foo.txt", 'rb') as f:
    d.push(f, "/sdcard/")
# push and change file access mode
d.push("foo.sh", "/data/local/tmp/", mode=0o755)

• 从设备拉取一个文件到电脑

d.pull("/sdcard/tmp.txt", "tmp.txt")

# FileNotFoundError will raise if the file is not found on the device
d.pull("/sdcard/some-file-not-exists.txt", "tmp.txt")

• 设备健康检查

d.healthcheck()

常见 api 使用

介绍如何操作设备

shell 命令

• 具有超时保护的 shell 命令 (默认 60s)

output, exit_code = d.shell("pwd", timeout=60) # timeout 60s (Default)
# output: "/\n", exit_code: 0
# Similar to command: adb shell pwd

# Since `shell` function return type is `namedtuple("ShellResponse", ("output", "exit_code"))`
# so we can do some tricks
output = d.shell("pwd").output
exit_code = d.shell("pwd").exit_code

# The first argument can be list. for example
output, exit_code = d.shell(["ls", "-l"])
# output: "/....", exit_code: 0

该 adb shell会阻塞,直到有结果活超时,不适合长时间使用

• 长期运行的 shell

r = d.shell("logcat", stream=True)
# r: requests.models.Response
deadline = time.time() + 10 # run maxium 10s
try:
    for line in r.iter_lines(): # r.iter_lines(chunk_size=512, decode_unicode=None, delimiter=None)
        if time.time() > deadline:
            break
        print("Read:", line.decode('utf-8'))
finally:
    r.close() # this method must be called

在r.close() 时,命令将会被终止

会话

会话代表应用程序生命周期。 可用于启动应用程序，检测应用程序崩溃。

• 唤起和关闭 app

  sess = d.session("com.netease.cloudmusic") # start 网易云音乐
  sess.close() # 停止网易云音乐
  sess.restart() # 冷启动网易云音乐
  

• 使用 pythonwith

with d.session("com.netease.cloudmusic") as sess:
    sess(text="Play").click()

• 连接运行的 app

# launch app if not running, skip launch if already running
#如果app没有运行将会唤起,运行则会连接
sess = d.session("com.netease.cloudmusic", attach=True)

# raise SessionBrokenError if not running
# 异常在app不在运行的时候
sess = d.session("com.netease.cloudmusic", attach=True, strict=True)

• 检测 app 崩溃

# When app is still running
sess(text="Music").click() # operation goes normal

# If app crash or quit
#异常在app不在运行的时候
sess(text="Music").click() # raise SessionBrokenError
# other function calls under session will raise SessionBrokenError too

# check if session is ok.
# Warning: function name may change in the future
sess.running() # True or False

获取设备信息

• 基本信息 d.info

{ 
    u'displayRotation': 0,
    u'displaySizeDpY': 640,
    u'displaySizeDpX': 360,
    u'currentPackageName': u'com.android.launcher',
    u'productName': u'takju',
    u'displayWidth': 720,
    u'sdkInt': 18,
    u'displayHeight': 1184,
    u'naturalOrientation': True
}

• 设备的详细信息 d.device_info

{'udid': '3578298f-b4:0b:44:e6:1f:90-OD103',
 'version': '7.1.1',
 'serial': '3578298f',
 'brand': 'SMARTISAN',
 'model': 'OD103',
 'hwaddr': 'b4:0b:44:e6:1f:90',
 'port': 7912,
 'sdk': 25,
 'agentVersion': 'dev',
 'display': {'width': 1080, 'height': 1920},
 'battery': {'acPowered': False,
  'usbPowered': False,
  'wirelessPowered': False,
  'status': 3,
  'health': 0,
  'present': True,
  'level': 99,
  'scale': 100,
  'voltage': 4316,
  'temperature': 272,
  'technology': 'Li-ion'},
 'memory': {'total': 3690280, 'around': '4 GB'},
 'cpu': {'cores': 8, 'hardware': 'Qualcomm Technologies, Inc MSM8953Pro'},
 'presenceChangedAt': '0001-01-01T00:00:00Z',
 'usingBeganAt': '0001-01-01T00:00:00Z'}

• 屏幕大小

  print(d.window_size())
  # device upright output example: (1080, 1920)
  # device horizontal output example: (1920, 1080)
  

• 运行的 app

print(d.app_current())
# Output example 1: {'activity': '.Client', 'package': 'com.netease.example', 'pid': 23710}
# Output example 2: {'activity': '.Client', 'package': 'com.netease.example'}
# Output example 3: {'activity': None, 'package': None}

• 等待activity

d.wait_activity(".ApiDemos", timeout=10) # default timeout 10.0 seconds
# Output: true of false

• 获取设备号

print(d.serial)
# output example: 74aAEDR428Z9

• 局域网 ip

print(d.wlan_ip)
# output example: 10.0.0.1

键盘事件

• 打开/关闭屏幕

d.screen_on() # turn on the screen
d.screen_off() # turn off the screen

• 获取屏幕状态

d.info.get('screenOn') # require Android >= 4.4

• 点击按键 d.press("home") # press the home key, with key name d.press("back") # press the back key, with key name d.press(0x07, 0x02) # press keycode 0x07('0') with META ALT(0x02)
• 当前支持以下键名：
  • home
  • back
  • left
  • right
  • up
  • down
  • center
  • menu
  • search
  • enter
  • delete ( or del)
  • recent (recent apps)
  • volume_up
  • volume_down
  • volume_mute
  • camera
  • power

更多 key code 定义参考Android KeyEvent

• 解锁 python d.unlock() # This is equivalent to # 1. launch activity: com.github.uiautomator.ACTION_IDENTIFY # 2. press the "home" key

与设备的手势交互

• 单击

  d.click(x, y)
  

• 双击

  d.double_click(x, y)
  d.double_click(x, y, 0.1) # default duration between two click is 0.1s
  

• 长按

  d.long_click(x, y)
  d.long_click(x, y, 0.5) # long click 0.5s (default)
  

• 滑动

  d.swipe(sx, sy, ex, ey)
  d.swipe(sx, sy, ex, ey, 0.5) # swipe for 0.5s(default)
  

• 滑动扩展功能

  d.swipe_ext("right") # 屏幕右滑，4选1 "left", "right", "up", "bottom"
  d.swipe_ext("right", scale=0.9) # 默认0.9, 滑动距离为屏幕宽度的90%
  d.swipe_ext("right", box=(0, 0, 100, 100)) # 在 (0,0) -> (100, 100) 这个区域做滑动
  

* 拖拽

```python
d.drag(sx, sy, ex, ey)
d.drag(sx, sy, ex, ey, 0.5) # swipe for 0.5s(default)

• 滑动解锁

  # swipe from point(x0, y0) to point(x1, y1) then to point(x2, y2)
  # time will speed 0.2s bwtween two points
  d.swipe_points([(x0, y0), (x1, y1), (x2, y2)], 0.2))
  

  多用于九宫格解锁，提前获取到每个点的相对坐标（这里支持百分比）， 更详细的使用参考这个帖子 使用 u2 实现九宫图案解锁

• 按着拖动
  
  这个接口属于比较底层的原始接口，感觉并不完善，不过凑合能用。注：这个地方并不支持百分比

d.touch.down(10, 10) # 模拟按下
time.sleep(.01) # down 和 move 之间的延迟，自己控制
d.touch.move(15, 15) # 模拟移动
d.touch.up() # 模拟抬起

注: click, swipe, drag 这几个操作支持百分比

屏幕相关

• 设置屏幕方向
  • natural or n
  • left or l
  • right or r
  • upsidedown or u (can not be set)

# retrieve orientation. the output could be "natural" or "left" or "right" or "upsidedown"
orientation = d.orientation

# WARNING: not pass testing in my TT-M1
# set orientation and freeze rotation.
# notes: setting "upsidedown" requires Android>=4.3.
d.set_orientation('l') # or "left"
d.set_orientation("l") # or "left"
d.set_orientation("r") # or "right"
d.set_orientation("n") # or "natural"

• 屏幕旋转

# freeze rotation
d.freeze_rotation()
# un-freeze rotation
d.freeze_rotation(False)

• 截屏

# take screenshot and save to a file on the computer, require Android>=4.2.
d.screenshot("home.jpg")

# get PIL.Image formatted images. Naturally, you need pillow installed first
image = d.screenshot() # default format="pillow"
image.save("home.jpg") # or home.png. Currently, only png and jpg are supported

# get opencv formatted images. Naturally, you need numpy and cv2 installed first
import cv2
image = d.screenshot(format='opencv')
cv2.imwrite('home.jpg', image)

# get raw jpeg data
imagebin = d.screenshot(format='raw')
open("some.jpg", "wb").write(imagebin)

• dump 视图结构

# get the UI hierarchy dump content (unicoded).
xml = d.dump_hierarchy()

• 打开通知和设置

d.open_notification()
d.open_quick_settings()

选择器

选择器是一种灵活的机制用户标识一个特殊的 ui 对象

# Select the object with text 'Clock' and its className is 'android.widget.TextView'
d(text='Clock', className='android.widget.TextView')

注: 可以使用d.info输出定位的控件信息,来确认是否正确

选择器支持以下参数,更多参考UiSelector java 文档

• text, textContains, textMatches, textStartsWith
• className, classNameMatches
• description, descriptionContains, descriptionMatches, descriptionStartsWith
• checkable, checked, clickable, longClickable
• scrollable, enabled,focusable, focused, selected
• packageName, packageNameMatches
• resourceId, resourceIdMatches
• index, instance

子和兄弟控件 (Children and siblings)

• children

# get the children or grandchildren
d(className="android.widget.ListView").child(text="Bluetooth")

• siblings (兄弟)

# get siblings
d(text="Google").sibling(className="android.widget.ImageView")

• text description instance 定位子 view

# get the child matching the condition className="android.widget.LinearLayout"
# and also its children or grandchildren with text "Bluetooth"
d(className="android.widget.ListView", resourceId="android:id/list") \
 .child_by_text("Bluetooth", className="android.widget.LinearLayout")

# get children by allowing scroll search
d(className="android.widget.ListView", resourceId="android:id/list") \
 .child_by_text(
    "Bluetooth",
    allow_scroll_search=True,
    className="android.widget.LinearLayout"
  )

child_by_description child_by_instance 和 child_by_instance差不多,只是条件换了,但是都是查找屏幕内的 view

例子 dom 信息如下:

<node index="0" text="" resource-id="android:id/list" class="android.widget.ListView" ...>
  <node index="0" text="WIRELESS & NETWORKS" resource-id="" class="android.widget.TextView" .../>
  <node index="1" text="" resource-id="" class="android.widget.LinearLayout" ...>
    <node index="1" text="" resource-id="" class="android.widget.RelativeLayout" ...>
      <node index="0" text="Wi‑Fi" resource-id="android:id/title" class="android.widget.TextView" .../>
    </node>
    <node index="2" text="ON" resource-id="com.android.settings:id/switchWidget" class="android.widget.Switch" .../>
  </node>
  ...
</node>

这里有一个例子来说明如何使用

注: 不同版本的 settings 可能实现不一样,例如 6.0 的就不是 ListView

d(className="android.widget.ListView", resourceId="android:id/list") \
  .child_by_text("Wi‑Fi", className="android.widget.LinearLayout") \
  .child(className="android.widget.Switch") \
  .click()

• 相对位置

  • d(A).left(B), selects B on the left side of A.
  • d(A).right(B), selects B on the right side of A.
  • d(A).up(B), selects B above A.
  • d(A).down(B), selects B under A.

## select "switch" on the right side of "Wi‑Fi"
d(text="Wi‑Fi").right(className="android.widget.Switch").click()

• 多个实例
  有时候界面上会有多个 view 具有相同的属性,例如 text,这时候你可以使用instance来选择你需要的实例

d(text="Add new", instance=0)  # which means the first instance with text "Add new"

更多 api 信息 list-like API (similar to jQuery):

# get the count of views with text "Add new" on current screen
d(text="Add new").count

# same as count property
len(d(text="Add new"))

# get the instance via index
d(text="Add new")[0]
d(text="Add new")[1]
...

# iterator
for view in d(text="Add new"):
    view.info  # ...

注:在遍历 list 的时候要保证界面是不变化的,不然发生错误

ui 对象状态和信息

• 检查 ui 是否存在

d(text="Settings").exists # True if exists, else False
d.exists(text="Settings") # alias of above property.

# advanced usage
d(text="Settings").exists(timeout=3) # wait Settings appear in 3s, same as .wait(3)

• ui 对象信息

d(text="Settings").info

# 输出
{ u'contentDescription': u'',
u'checked': False,
u'scrollable': False,
u'text': u'Settings',
u'packageName': u'com.android.launcher',
u'selected': False,
u'enabled': True,
u'bounds': {u'top': 385,
            u'right': 360,
            u'bottom': 585,
            u'left': 200},
u'className': u'android.widget.TextView',
u'focused': False,
u'focusable': True,
u'clickable': True,
u'chileCount': 0,
u'longClickable': True,
u'visibleBounds': {u'top': 385,
                    u'right': 360,
                    u'bottom': 585,
                    u'left': 200},
u'checkable': False
}

• 获取/设置/清空 输入框

d(text="Settings").get_text()  # get widget text
d(text="Settings").set_text("My text...")  # set the text
d(text="Settings").clear_text()  # clear the text

• 获取控件中心点

x, y = d(text="Settings").center()
# x, y = d(text="Settings").center(offset=(0, 0)) # left-top x, y

点击选中的 ui 对象

• 单击

# click on the center of the specific ui object
d(text="Settings").click()

# wait element to appear for at most 10 seconds and then click
d(text="Settings").click(timeout=10)

# click with offset(x_offset, y_offset)
# click_x = x_offset * width + x_left_top
# click_y = y_offset * height + y_left_top
d(text="Settings").click(offset=(0.5, 0.5)) # Default center
d(text="Settings").click(offset=(0, 0)) # click left-top
d(text="Settings").click(offset=(1, 1)) # click right-bottom

# click when exists in 10s, default timeout 0s
clicked = d(text='Skip').click_exists(timeout=10.0)

# click until element gone, return bool
is_gone = d(text="Skip").click_gone(maxretry=10, interval=1.0) # maxretry default 10, interval default 1.0

• 长按

# long click on the center of the specific UI object
d(text="Settings").long_click()

手势操作

• 拖动

# notes : drag can not be used for Android<4.3.
# drag the UI object to a screen point (x, y), in 0.5 second
d(text="Settings").drag_to(x, y, duration=0.5)
# drag the UI object to (the center position of) another UI object, in 0.25 second
d(text="Settings").drag_to(text="Clock", duration=0.25)

• 滑动
  
  支持四个方向

  • left
  • right
  • top
  • bottom

  d(text="Settings").swipe("right")
  d(text="Settings").swipe("left", steps=10)
  d(text="Settings").swipe("up", steps=20) # 1 steps is about 5ms, so 20 steps is about 0.1s
  d(text="Settings").swipe("down", steps=20)
  

• 双指滑动

d(text="Settings").gesture((sx1, sy1), (sx2, sy2), (ex1, ey1), (ex2, ey2))

• Two-point gesture on the specific UI object 不晓得怎么表达

Supports two gestures:

• In, from edge to center
• Out, from center to edge

# notes : pinch can not be set until Android 4.3.
# from edge to center. here is "In" not "in"
d(text="Settings").pinch_in(percent=100, steps=10)
# from center to edge
d(text="Settings").pinch_out()

• 等待 ui 出现活消失

  # wait until the ui object appears
  d(text="Settings").wait(timeout=3.0) # return bool
  # wait until the ui object gone
  d(text="Settings").wait_gone(timeout=1.0)
  

• fling 指定的 ui(scrollable)

  • horiz or vert(横竖)
  • forward or backward or toBeginning or toEnd (前后)

# fling forward(default) vertically(default) 
d(scrollable=True).fling()
# fling forward horizontally
d(scrollable=True).fling.horiz.forward()
# fling backward vertically
d(scrollable=True).fling.vert.backward()
# fling to beginning horizontally
d(scrollable=True).fling.horiz.toBeginning(max_swipes=1000)
# fling to end vertically
d(scrollable=True).fling.toEnd()

• 滑动指定的 ui 对象 (scrollable)

Possible properties:

• horiz or vert
• forward or backward or toBeginning or toEnd, or to

# scroll forward(default) vertically(default)
d(scrollable=True).scroll(steps=10)
# scroll forward horizontally
d(scrollable=True).scroll.horiz.forward(steps=100)
# scroll backward vertically
d(scrollable=True).scroll.vert.backward()
# scroll to beginning horizontally
d(scrollable=True).scroll.horiz.toBeginning(steps=100, max_swipes=1000)
# scroll to end vertically
d(scrollable=True).scroll.toEnd()
# scroll forward vertically until specific ui object appears
d(scrollable=True).scroll.to(text="Security")

观察者

当选择器找不到指定对象的时候,你可以注册观察者来执行一些操作

• 注册

d.watcher("AUTO_FC_WHEN_ANR").when(text="ANR").when(text="Wait") \
                             .click(text="Force Close")
# d.watcher(name) ## creates a new named watcher.
#  .when(condition)  ## the UiSelector condition of the watcher.
#  .click(target)  ## perform click action on the target UiSelector.

#
d.watcher("ALERT").when(text="OK").click()
# Same as
d.watcher("ALERT").when(text="OK").click(text="OK")

# 多条件
d.watcher("AUTO_FC_WHEN_ANR").when(text="ANR").when(text="Wait") \
                             .press("back", "home")
# d.watcher(name) ## creates a new named watcher.
#  .when(condition)  ## the UiSelector condition of the watcher.
#  .press(<keyname>, ..., <keyname>.()  ## press keys one by one in sequence.

• 检查是否触发

d.watcher("watcher_name").triggered
# true in case of the specified watcher triggered, else false

• 移除

# remove the watcher
d.watcher("watcher_name").remove()

• 列出所有观察者

d.watchers
# a list of all registered watchers

• 检查是否触发,任意一个

d.watchers.triggered
#  true in case of any watcher triggered

• 重置

# reset all triggered watchers, after that, d.watchers.triggered will be false.
d.watchers.reset()

• 移除

# remove all registered watchers
d.watchers.remove()
# remove the named watcher, same as d.watcher("watcher_name").remove()
d.watchers.remove("watcher_name")

• 强制运行所有

# force to run all registered watchers
d.watchers.run()

另外文档还是有很多没有写，推荐直接去看源码init.py

现在推荐使用这种观察者来处理弹窗等

d.xpath.when(“服务条款%”).when(“同意”).click() d.xpath.when(“立即体验”).click() d.xpath.when(“跳过”).click()
d.xpath.run_watchers() # 运行一次弹窗检查 d.xpath.watch_background(2.0)

全局设置

# set delay 1.5s after each UI click and click, 点击延迟
d.click_post_delay = 1.5 # default no delay

# set default element wait timeout (seconds) 默认超时时间
d.wait_timeout = 30.0 # default 20.0

UiAutomator 中的超时设置 (隐藏方法)

>> d.jsonrpc.getConfigurator() 
{'actionAcknowledgmentTimeout': 500,
 'keyInjectionDelay': 0,
 'scrollAcknowledgmentTimeout': 200,
 'waitForIdleTimeout': 0,
 'waitForSelectorTimeout': 0}

>> d.jsonrpc.setConfigurator({"waitForIdleTimeout": 100})
{'actionAcknowledgmentTimeout': 500,
 'keyInjectionDelay': 0,
 'scrollAcknowledgmentTimeout': 200,
 'waitForIdleTimeout': 100,
 'waitForSelectorTimeout': 0}

Input method

这种方法通常用于不知道控件的情况下的输入。第一步需要切换输入法，然后发送 adb 广播命令，具体使用方法如下

d.set_fastinput_ime(True) # 切换成FastInputIME输入法
d.send_keys("你好123abcEFG") # adb广播输入
d.clear_text() # 清除输入框所有内容(Require android-uiautomator.apk version >= 1.0.7)
d.set_fastinput_ime(False) # 切换成正常的输入法
d.send_action("search") # 模拟输入法的搜索

send_action 说明

该函数可以使用的参数有 go search send next done previous

什么时候该使用这个函数呢？

有些时候在 EditText 中输入完内容之后，调用press("search") or press("enter")发现并没有什么反应。
这个时候就需要send_action函数了，这里用到了只有输入法才能用的IME_ACTION_CODE。
send_action先 broadcast 命令发送给输入法操作IME_ACTION_CODE，由输入法完成后续跟 EditText 的通信。（原理我不太清楚，有了解的，提 issue 告诉我)

Toast

Show Toast

d.toast.show("Hello world")
d.toast.show("Hello world", 1.0) # show for 1.0s, default 1.0s

Get Toast

# [Args]
# 5.0: max wait timeout. Default 10.0
# 10.0: cache time. return cache toast if already toast already show up in recent 10 seconds. Default 10.0 (Maybe change in the furture)
# "default message": return if no toast finally get. Default None
d.toast.get_message(5.0, 10.0, "default message")

# common usage
assert "Short message" in d.toast.get_message(5.0, default="")

# clear cached toast
d.toast.reset()
# Now d.toast.get_message(0) is None

XPath

For example: 其中一个节点的内容

<android.widget.TextView
  index="2"
  text="05:19"
  resource-id="com.netease.cloudmusic:id/qf"
  package="com.netease.cloudmusic"
  content-desc=""
  checkable="false" checked="false" clickable="false" enabled="true" focusable="false" focused="false"
  scrollable="false" long-clickable="false" password="false" selected="false" visible-to-user="true"
  bounds="[957,1602][1020,1636]" />

xpath 定位和使用方法

有些属性的名字有修改需要注意

description -> content-desc
resourceId -> resource-id

常见用法

# wait exists 10s
d.xpath("//android.widget.TextView").wait(10.0)
# find and click
d.xpath("//*[@content-desc='分享']").click()
# check exists
if d.xpath("//android.widget.TextView[contains(@text, 'Se')]").exists:
    print("exists")
# get all text-view text, attrib and center point
for elem in d.xpath("//android.widget.TextView").all():
    print("Text:", elem.text)
    # Dictionary eg: 
    # {'index': '1', 'text': '999+', 'resource-id': 'com.netease.cloudmusic:id/qb', 'package': 'com.netease.cloudmusic', 'content-desc': '', 'checkable': 'false', 'checked': 'false', 'clickable': 'false', 'enabled': 'true', 'focusable': 'false', 'focused': 'false','scrollable': 'false', 'long-clickable': 'false', 'password': 'false', 'selected': 'false', 'visible-to-user': 'true', 'bounds': '[661,1444][718,1478]'}
    print("Attrib:", elem.attrib)
    # Coordinate eg: (100, 200)
    print("Position:", elem.center())

其他 XPath 常见用法

See also: https://github.com/openatx/uiautomator2/blob/master/uiautomator2/ext/xpath/README.md

uiautomator2 是一个超级好的项目,希望大家一起参与多提 pr

然后顺便求一个测试开发工程师的岗位。 目标地点杭州。多年安卓开发经验，对测试相关信息有一定的了解，希望在质量领域做点事。