通用技术 利用 K8S 技术栈打造个人私有云 (连载之:K8S 集群搭建)

hansonwang99 · 2018年03月13日 · 1174 次阅读

iPhone 5S


最近被业务折腾的死去活来,实在没时间发帖,花了好多个晚上才写好这篇帖子,后续会加油的!


【利用 K8S 技术栈打造个人私有云系列文章目录】


环境介绍

玩集群嘛,当然要搞几台机器做节点!无赖自己并没有性能很强劲的多余机器,在家里翻箱倒柜,找出了几台破旧的本子,试试看吧,与其垫桌脚不如拿出来遛遛弯...

总体环境安排如下图所示:

集群总体架构布局

各部分简介如下:

Master 节点 ( 一台 08 年买的 Hedy 笔记本 Centos7.3 64bit )

HEDY

  • docker
  • etcd
  • flannel
  • kube-apiserver
  • kube-scheduler
  • kube-controller-manager

Slave 节点 ( 一台二手 Thinkpad T420s Centos7.3 64bit )

Thinkpad  T420s

  • docker
  • flannel
  • kubelet
  • kube-proxy

Client 节点( 一台 12 年的 Sony Vaio SVS13 Win7 Ultimate)

  • 客户端嘛,毕竟甲方,不需要安装啥东西,有个 ssh 客户端能连到 master 和 slave 节点就 OK

Docker 镜像仓库

  • 一般企业内部应用的话,其会搭建自己的 docker registry,用作镜像仓库,我这里就直接用 Docker Gub 作为镜像仓库,自己不搭建了(其实主要是没机子啊!)

Wireless Router(雷猴子家的小米路由器 3)

  • 最好能穿墙,因为我家路由器放在客厅,但我实验是在卧室里做的啊!

各部分全部都是由 wifi 进行互联,我个人不太喜欢一大堆线绕来绕去


环境准备

  1. 先设置 master 节点和所有 slave 节点的主机名

master 上执行:

hostnamectl --static set-hostname  k8s-master

slave 上执行:

hostnamectl --static set-hostname  k8s-node-1
  1. 修改 master 和 slave 上的 hosts

在 master 和 slave 的/etc/hosts文件中均加入以下内容:

192.168.31.166   k8s-master
192.168.31.166   etcd
192.168.31.166   registry
192.168.31.199   k8s-node-1
  1. 关闭 master 和 slave 上的防火墙
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service

部署 Master 节点

master 节点需要安装以下组件:

  • etcd
  • flannel
  • docker
  • kubernets

下面按顺序阐述

1. etcd 安装

  • 安装命令:yum install etcd -y
  • 编辑 etcd 的默认配置文件/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
# [member]
ETCD_NAME=master
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
#ETCD_WAL_DIR=""
#ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNT="10000"
#ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"
#ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"
#ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://localhost:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379,http://0.0.0.0:4001"
#ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"
#ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"
#ETCD_CORS=""
#
#[cluster]
#ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://localhost:2380"
# if you use different ETCD_NAME (e.g. test), set ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER value for this name, i.e. "test=http://..."
#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="default=http://localhost:2380"
#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
#ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://etcd:2379,http://etcd:4001"
#ETCD_DISCOVERY=""
#ETCD_DISCOVERY_SRV=""
#ETCD_DISCOVERY_FALLBACK="proxy"
#ETCD_DISCOVERY_PROXY=""
#ETCD_STRICT_RECONFIG_CHECK="false"
#ETCD_AUTO_COMPACTION_RETENTION="0"
#ETCD_ENABLE_V2="true"
#
#[proxy]
#ETCD_PROXY="off"
#ETCD_PROXY_FAILURE_WAIT="5000"
#ETCD_PROXY_REFRESH_INTERVAL="30000"
#ETCD_PROXY_DIAL_TIMEOUT="1000"
#ETCD_PROXY_WRITE_TIMEOUT="5000"
#ETCD_PROXY_READ_TIMEOUT="0"
#
#[security]
#ETCD_CERT_FILE=""
#ETCD_KEY_FILE=""
#ETCD_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="false"
#ETCD_TRUSTED_CA_FILE=""
#ETCD_AUTO_TLS="false"
#ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE=""
#ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE=""
#ETCD_PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="false"
#ETCD_PEER_TRUSTED_CA_FILE=""
#ETCD_PEER_AUTO_TLS="false"
#
#[logging]
#ETCD_DEBUG="false"
# examples for -log-package-levels etcdserver=WARNING,security=DEBUG
#ETCD_LOG_PACKAGE_LEVELS=""
#
#[profiling]
#ETCD_ENABLE_PPROF="false"
#ETCD_METRICS="basic"
#
#[auth]
#ETCD_AUTH_TOKEN="simple"
  • 启动 etcd 并验证

首先启动 etcd 服务

systemctl start etcd // 启动etcd服务

再获取 etcd 的健康指标看看:

etcdctl -C http://etcd:2379 cluster-health
etcdctl -C http://etcd:4001 cluster-health

查看etcd集群健康度

2. flannel 安装

  • 安装命令:yum install flannel
  • 配置 flannel:/etc/sysconfig/flanneld
# Flanneld configuration options  

# etcd url location.  Point this to the server where etcd runs
FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS="http://etcd:2379"

# etcd config key.  This is the configuration key that flannel queries
# For address range assignment
FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX="/atomic.io/network"

# Any additional options that you want to pass
#FLANNEL_OPTIONS=""
  • 配置 etcd 中关于 flannel 的 key
etcdctl mk /atomic.io/network/config '{ "Network": "10.0.0.0/16" }'

配置etcd中关于flannel的key

  • 启动 flannel 并设置开机自启
systemctl start flanneld.service
systemctl enable flanneld.service

3. docker 安装

该部分网上教程太多了,主要步骤如下

  • 安装命令:yum install docker -y
  • 开启 docker 服务:service docker start
  • 设置 docker 开启自启动:chkconfig docker on

4. kubernets 安装

k8s 的安装命令很简单,执行:

yum install kubernetes

但 k8s 需要配置的东西比较多,正如第一节 “环境介绍” 中提及的,毕竟 master 上需要运行以下组件:

  • kube-apiserver
  • kube-scheduler
  • kube-controller-manager

下面详细阐述:

  • 配置/etc/kubernetes/apiserver文件
###
# kubernetes system config
#
# The following values are used to configure the kube-apiserver
#

# The address on the local server to listen to.
KUBE_API_ADDRESS="--address=0.0.0.0"

# The port on the local server to listen on.
KUBE_API_PORT="--port=8080"

# Port minions listen on
KUBELET_PORT="--kubelet-port=10250"

# Comma separated list of nodes in the etcd cluster
KUBE_ETCD_SERVERS="--etcd-servers=http://etcd:2379"

# Address range to use for services
KUBE_SERVICE_ADDRESSES="--service-cluster-ip-range=10.254.0.0/16"

# default admission control policies
# KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota"
KUBE_ADMISSION_CONTROL="--admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,NamespaceExists,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ResourceQuota"

# Add your own!
KUBE_API_ARGS=""
  • 配置/etc/kubernetes/config文件
###
# kubernetes system config
#
# The following values are used to configure various aspects of all
# kubernetes services, including
#
#   kube-apiserver.service
#   kube-controller-manager.service
#   kube-scheduler.service
#   kubelet.service
#   kube-proxy.service
# logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal
KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"

# journal message level, 0 is debug
KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"

# Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers
KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=false"

# How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://k8s-master:8080"
  • 启动 k8s 各个组件
systemctl start kube-apiserver.service
systemctl start kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl start kube-scheduler.service
  • 设置 k8s 各组件开机启动
systemctl enable kube-apiserver.service
systemctl enable kube-controller-manager.service
systemctl enable kube-scheduler.service

部署 Slave 节点

slave 节点需要安装以下组件:

  • flannel
  • docker
  • kubernetes

下面按顺序阐述:

1. flannel 安装

  • 安装命令:yum install flannel
  • 配置 flannel:/etc/sysconfig/flanneld
# Flanneld configuration options  

# etcd url location.  Point this to the server where etcd runs
FLANNEL_ETCD_ENDPOINTS="http://etcd:2379"

# etcd config key.  This is the configuration key that flannel queries
# For address range assignment
FLANNEL_ETCD_PREFIX="/atomic.io/network"

# Any additional options that you want to pass
#FLANNEL_OPTIONS=""
  • 启动 flannel 并设置开机自启
systemctl start flanneld.service
systemctl enable flanneld.service

2. docker 安装

参考前文 master 节点上部署 docker 过程,此处不再赘述

3. kubernetes 安装

安装命令:yum install kubernetes

不同于 master 节点,slave 节点上需要运行 kubernetes 的如下组件:

  • kubelet
  • kubernets-proxy

下面详细阐述要配置的东西:

  • 配置/etc/kubernetes/config
###
# kubernetes system config
#
# The following values are used to configure various aspects of all
# kubernetes services, including
#
#   kube-apiserver.service
#   kube-controller-manager.service
#   kube-scheduler.service
#   kubelet.service
#   kube-proxy.service
# logging to stderr means we get it in the systemd journal
KUBE_LOGTOSTDERR="--logtostderr=true"

# journal message level, 0 is debug
KUBE_LOG_LEVEL="--v=0"

# Should this cluster be allowed to run privileged docker containers
KUBE_ALLOW_PRIV="--allow-privileged=false"

# How the controller-manager, scheduler, and proxy find the apiserver
KUBE_MASTER="--master=http://k8s-master:8080"
  • 配置/etc/kubernetes/kubelet
###
# kubernetes kubelet (minion) config

# The address for the info server to serve on (set to 0.0.0.0 or "" for all interfaces)
KUBELET_ADDRESS="--address=0.0.0.0"

# The port for the info server to serve on
# KUBELET_PORT="--port=10250"

# You may leave this blank to use the actual hostname
KUBELET_HOSTNAME="--hostname-override=k8s-node-1"

# location of the api-server
KUBELET_API_SERVER="--api-servers=http://k8s-master:8080"

# pod infrastructure container
KUBELET_POD_INFRA_CONTAINER="--pod-infra-container-image=registry.access.redhat.com/rhel7/pod-infrastructure:latest"

# Add your own!
KUBELET_ARGS=""
  • 启动 kube 服务
systemctl start kubelet.service
systemctl start kube-proxy.service
  • 设置 k8s 组件开机自启
systemctl enable kubelet.service
systemctl enable kube-proxy.service

至此为止,k8s 集群的搭建过程就完成了,下面来验证一下集群是否搭建成功了

验证集群状态

  • 查看端点信息:kubectl get endpoints

端点信息

  • 查看集群信息:kubectl cluster-info

集群信息

  • 获取集群中的节点状态: kubectl get nodes

获取集群中的节点状态

OK,节点已经就绪,可以在上面做实验了!


参考文献


后记

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