很多人应该经常遇到在网上看到好的学习教程和资料但却没有电子档的,心里顿时痒痒,
下述指导一下大家,如何将网站上的各类教程转换成 PDF 电子书。
一个简单的例子:
import pdfkit pdfkit.from_url('http://google.com', 'out.pdf')
pdfkit.from_file('test.html', 'out.pdf')
pdfkit.from_string('Hello!', 'out.pdf')
你也可以传递一个 url 或者文件名列表:
pdfkit.from_url(['google.com', 'yandex.ru', 'engadget.com'], 'out.pdf')
pdfkit.from_file(['file1.html', 'file2.html'], 'out.pdf')
也可以传递一个打开的文件:
with open('file.html') as f:
pdfkit.from_file(f, 'out.pdf')
如将自强学堂中的 django 教程,生成一个 pdf 文件
#coding=utf-8
from __future__ import unicode_literals
import os,sys,re,time
import requests,codecs
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from urllib.parse import urlparse
import pdfkit
import platform
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings()
system=platform.system()
print(sys.getdefaultencoding())
str_encode='gbk' if system is 'Windows' else 'utf-8'
print(str_encode)
html_template = """
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
{content}
</body>
</html>
"""
if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),'html')):
os.mkdir(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),'html'))
url_list=[]
start_url='http://www.ziqiangxuetang.com/django/django-tutorial.html'
# s=requests.session()
# html_doc=s.get('{}'.format(start_url),verify=False).content
# soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc,'html.parser')
# print(soup.prettify())
def get_url_list(url):
"""
获取所有URL目录列表
:return:
"""
last_position = find_last(url, "/") + 1
tutorial_url_head = url[0:last_position]
domain = get_domain(url) + "/"
print(domain)
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, "html.parser")
urls = []
for a in soup.find_all("a"):
href = str(a.get('href'))
result = href.find('/')
if result == -1:
url = tutorial_url_head + href
else:
url = domain + href
if 'django' in url:
urls.append(url)
return urls
def find_last(string, char):
last_position = -1
while True:
position = string.find(char, last_position + 1)
if position == -1:
return last_position
last_position = position
def get_domain(url):
r = urlparse(url)
return r.scheme + "://" + r.netloc
def parse_url_to_html(url,name):
"""
解析URL,返回HTML内容
:param url:解析的url
:param name: 保存的html文件名
:return: html
"""
try:
response = requests.get(url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, 'html.parser')
# 正文
body = soup.find_all(class_="w-col l10 m12")
h = str(body)
html = h[1:-1]
html = html_template.format(content=html)
html = html.encode("utf-8")
title=soup.title.get_text()
print(url)
with open('{}/{}'.format(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),'html'),name), 'wb') as f:
f.write(html)
return '{}/{}'.format(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),'html'),name)
except Exception as e:
print(e)
def save_pdf(htmls, file_name):
"""
把所有html文件保存到pdf文件
:param htmls: html文件列表
:param file_name: pdf文件名
:return:
"""
options = {
'page-size': 'Letter',
'margin-top': '0.75in',
'margin-right': '0.75in',
'margin-bottom': '0.75in',
'margin-left': '0.75in',
'encoding': "UTF-8",
'custom-header': [
('Accept-Encoding', 'gzip')
],
'cookie': [
('cookie-name1', 'cookie-value1'),
('cookie-name2', 'cookie-value2'),
],
'outline-depth': 10,
}
pdfkit.from_file(htmls, file_name, options=options)
def main():
start = time.time()
urls = get_url_list(start_url)
htmls = [parse_url_to_html(url, str(index) + ".html") for index, url in enumerate(urls)]
print(htmls)
try:
save_pdf(htmls, 'cralwer_{}.pdf'.format(time.strftime('%Y_%m_%d_%H_%M_%S')))
except Exception as e:
print(e)
for html in htmls:
os.remove(html)
total_time = time.time() - start
print(u"总共耗时:{0:.2f}秒".format(total_time))
main()
IOError: ‘No wkhtmltopdf executable found’
确保 wkhtmltopdf 在你的系统路径中($PATH),会通过 configuration 进行了配置 (详情看上文描述)。 在 Windows 系统中使用 where wkhtmltopdf 命令 或 在 linux 系统中使用 which wkhtmltopdf 会返回 wkhtmltopdf 二进制可执行文件所在的确切位置.
IOError: ‘Command Failed’
如果出现这个错误意味着 PDFKit 不能处理一个输入。你可以尝试直接在错误信息后面直接运行一个命令来查看是什么导致了这个错误(某些版本的 wkhtmltopdf 会因为段错误导致处理失败
正常生成,但是出现中文乱码
在 html 中加入
志军的项目: https://github.com/lzjun567/crawler_html2pdf