近期在公司提供的 Centos7 服务器上完成了 playwright 的安装，安装过程磕磕绊绊，回过头去翻官方说明文档才发现 Centos 并不在支持的系统范围里，加上使用的是一个相对纯净的镜像，使用默认的依赖安装命令都会报错，我这记录下遇到的问题和安装过程。主要是以下几个问题：
下边详细说下我的安装过程
playwright 安装只涉及到以下两个命令（我使用的是 python 版本）
pip3 install playwright
playwright install
完第一步安装以后，执行 playwright 会提示
/root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node: /lib64/libm.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.27' not found (required by /root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node)
/root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.20' not found (required by /root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node)
/root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.9' not found (required by /root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node)
/root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node: /lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `GLIBCXX_3.4.21' not found (required by /root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node)
/root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.28' not found (required by /root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node)
/root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.25' not found (required by /root/ui_test/lib/python3.9/site-packages/playwright/driver/node)
主要提示的内容是 GLIBC 和 CXXABI 这两个缺失动态链接库的特定版本，既然缺失的话，我们补充安装这两个链接库既可以。
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.28.tar.gz
tar -xzvf glibc-2.28.tar.gz
cd glibc-2.28
## 创建临时文件
mkdir build && cd build
## 编译这一步一般会提示编译工具过旧
../configure --prefix=/usr --disable-profile --enable-add-ons --with-headers=/usr/include --with-binutils=/usr/bin --disable-werror
make
make install
直接安装会提示编译工具过旧
These critical programs are missing or too old: make compiler
需要先做如下处理
# 安装devtoolset-8-gcc
yum install centos-release-scl
yum install devtoolset-8
scl enable devtoolset-8 -- bash
# 启用工具
source /opt/rh/devtoolset-8/enable
# 安装GCC-8
yum install -y devtoolset-8-gcc devtoolset-8-gcc-c++ devtoolset-8-binutils
# 设置环境变量
echo "source /opt/rh/devtoolset-8/enable" >> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
# 下载并解压安装包
wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/make/make-4.3.tar.gz
tar -xzvf make-4.3.tar.gz
cd make-4.3/
# 安装到指定目录
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/make
make
make install
# 创建软链接
cd /usr/bin/
mv make make.bak # backup
ln -sv /usr/local/make/bin/make /usr/bin/make
完成后再重新执行第一步的编译即可
接下来继续完成 CXXABI 库安装
# 创建临时安装文件目录
mkdir -p ~/work && cd ~/work
yum install libstdc++.so.6 -y
# 查看动态链接库 -- 发现并没有需要的1.3.9
strings /usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6 | grep 'CXXABI'
# 下载需要的版本库，之后软连接到运行系统上
wget http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/pool/main/g/gcc-8/libstdc++6_8.3.0-6_amd64.deb
ar -x libstdc++6_8.3.0-6_amd64.deb
tar -xvf data.tar.xz
cp usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6.0.25 /usr/lib64/
find / -name "libstdc++*"
# 删除低版本库的软连接
rm -rf /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
ll /usr/lib64/libstd*
ln -s /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.25 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
# 移除临时安装文件目录
cd ~ && rm -rf ~/work
# 或者删除文件与目录
rm -rf glibc-2.28 usr make-4.3 libstdc++6_8.3.0-6_amd64.deb make-4.3.tar.gz glibc-2.28.tar.gz data.tar.xz control.tar.xz
# 检验
playwright install
接着上边命令执行 playwright install 就不会报错了，但是再执行 playwright 会提示缺失依赖
BrowserType.launch:
╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║ Host system is missing dependencies to run browsers. ║
║ Please install them with the following command: ║
║ ║
║ playwright install-deps ║
║ ║
║ Alternatively, use apt: ║
║ apt-get install libatk1.0-0\ ║
║ libatk-bridge2.0-0\ ║
║ libatspi2.0-0\ ║
║ libxcomposite1\ ║
║ libxdamage1\ ║
║ libxfixes3\ ║
║ libxrandr2\ ║
║ libgbm1\ ║
║ libxkbcommon0\ ║
║ libpango-1.0-0\ ║
║ libcairo2 ║
║ ║
║ <3 Playwright Team ║
╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝
上边提示的缺失依赖包都是 Ubuntu 的，我使用 Centos 的话需要按照对应的依赖
yum -y install libXcomposite libXtst gtk3 atk at-spi2-atk cups-libs libxkbcommon libXdamage libXrandr mesa-libgbm alsa-lib-devel
yum -y install fontconfig
yum -y install cjkuni-ukai-fonts cjkuni-uming-fonts
fc-cache -fv
一般完成如上安装升级再执行 playwright 就不会报错了，但是我的测试集成在 Jenkins 上，放的是一个中文文件夹，实际构建的时候又出现了下边的报错
Caused by: java.nio.file.InvalidPathException: Malformed input or input contains unmappable characters: /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/????????????-???????????????
at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixPath.encode(UnixPath.java:145)
at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixPath.<init>(UnixPath.java:69)
at java.base/sun.nio.fs.UnixFileSystem.getPath(UnixFileSystem.java:279)
at java.base/java.io.FilePermission.<clinit>(FilePermission.java:207)
中文部分都是问号，看起来是系统中文字符编码出了问题，也不知道是哪个升级环节影响了，一番查找后，使用下边这个命令解决了。
localedef -v -c -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
如上就是这一次的安装记录，希望能帮助遇到同样问题的伙伴。