先介绍一下两位主角

spock是一款基于 Groovy 语言的单元测试框架,其基础也是JavaJunit,目前最新版已经到了2.0,但对Groovy和响应的Java版本要求较高,具体信息参考:Spock 2.0 M1 版本初探

Mockito是一个模拟测试框架,可以让你用优雅,简洁的接口写出漂亮的单元测试。Mockito 可以让单元测试易于可读,产生简洁的校验错误。TDD 测试驱动开发要求我们先写单元测试,再写实现代码。在写单元测试的过程中,由于各种依赖的关系导致的阻碍,我们必需用到Mockito类似的框架来完成资源、对象的模拟。

Gradle 配置

testCompile 'org.mockito:mockito-core:2.7.22'
testCompile group: 'org.spockframework', name: 'spock-core', version: '1.3-groovy-2.5'
testCompile group: 'org.springframework', name: 'spring-test', version: '5.1.9.RELEASE'
testCompile group: 'org.hamcrest', name: 'hamcrest-library', version: '1.3'
testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
testCompile group: 'org.powermock', name: 'powermock-module-junit4', version: '2.0.0'
testCompile group: 'org.powermock', name: 'powermock-api-mockito2', version: '2.0.2'

Demo 代码

下面是演示代码:

package com.FunTester.mockito.practise

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase
import org.slf4j.Logger
import spock.lang.Shared
import spock.lang.Specification

import static com.fun.config.Constant.SPACE_1
import static com.fun.frame.SourceCode.getLogger
import static org.mockito.AdditionalAnswers.returnsFirstArg
import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt
import static org.mockito.Mockito.*

class Demo extends Specification {

    @Shared
    Logger logger = getLogger(this.getClass().getName())

    @Shared
    List listsss = mock(List)

    @Shared
    HttpRequestBase httpRequestBase = mock(HttpRequestBase.class)

    def setup() {
        logger.info("测试方法开始了")
    }

    def cleanup() {
        logger.info("测试方法结束了")
    }

    def setupSpec() {
        logger.info("测试类[${getClass().getName()}]开始了")
    }

    def cleanupSpec() {
        logger.info("测试类[${getClass().getName()}]结束了")
    }

    def "这是一个普通的demo"() {
        given:"创建一个存根list,添加一些元素"
        List mockedList = mock(List.class);
        mockedList.add("one");
        mockedList.add("two");
        mockedList.add("three times");
        mockedList.add("three times");
        mockedList.add("three times");
        when(mockedList.size()).thenReturn(5);
        mockedList.add("3")
        mockedList.add("3")
        mockedList.add("3")
        mockedList.add("3")

        expect:"验证属性以及方法调用次数"
        5 == mockedList.size()
        false == verify(mockedList, atLeastOnce()).add("one")
        false == verify(mockedList, times(3)).add("three times")
        false == verify(mockedList, atMost(4)).add("3")
        false == verify(mockedList, never()).add("30")
    }

    def "这是一个测试的mockito模拟方法返回"() {
        given: "虚拟一个迭代器对象"
        def iterator = mock(Iterator.class)
        when(iterator.next()).thenReturn("hello").thenReturn("world")

        expect: "测试迭代器元素拼接"
        "hello world" == iterator.next() + SPACE_1 + iterator.next()
    }

    def "这是一个测试,用来在对象初始化之后mock对象的"() {
        given: "创建对象后再Mockito"
        def iterator = new ArrayList()
        iterator.add("323")
        def list = spy(iterator)
        doReturn("fun").when(list).get(3)
        doReturn(3).when(list).get(0)

        expect:
        list.contains("323")
        "fun" == list.get(3)
        3 == list.get(0)
    }

    def "这是一个测试,抛出异常的测试用例"() {
        given: "创建测试对象"
        def object = mock(ArrayList.class)
        when(object.get(1)).thenThrow(new IndexOutOfBoundsException("我是测试"))//只能抛出可能的抛出的异常
        def re = 0
        try {
            object.get(1)
        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
            re = 1
        }

        expect:
        re == 1
    }

    def "这是一个测试方法返回值的用例"() {
        given:
        def j = mock(DemoJ.class)
        doAnswer(returnsFirstArg()).when(j).ds(anyInt(), anyInt())

//        when(list.add(anyString())).thenAnswer(returnsFirstArg());
        // with then() alias:
//        when(list.add(anyString())).then(returnsFirstArg());
        expect:
        3 == j.ds(3, 32)

    }

    def "我是测试共享Mock对象的用例"() {
        given:

        when(listsss.get(anyInt())).thenReturn(3)

        expect:
        3 == listsss.get(3)
    }

/**
 *      对于未指定mock的方法,spy默认会调用真实的方法,有返回值的返回真实的返回值,而mock默认不执行,有返回值的,默认返回null
 */
    def "spy和mock区别"() {
        given:
        def list = [1,2,3,4]
        def integers = spy(list)
        when(integers.size()).thenReturn(9)

        expect:
        integers.size() == 9
        integers.get(0) == 1

    }
}

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