Python 关于 fast-api 使用疑惑,自定义捕获全局异常,获取接口的请求参数时,写进日志文件报错。

底层贫困人员 · 2021年03月08日 · 最后由 底层贫困人员 回复于 2021年08月11日 · 7296 次阅读
#重写异常类
def register_exception(app: FastAPI):
            # 捕获全局异常
    @user1r(Exception)
    async def all_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: Exception):
        # #query参数:
        # query_data = request.query_params
        # print(query_data)
        request_data = await request.json()
        print(request_data)
        log_msg = f"捕获到系统错误:请求路径:{request.url.path}\n错误信息:{traceback.format_exc()}"
        mylog.error(log_msg)
        return JSONResponse(
            status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
            content=jsonable_encoder({
                "responseCode": Status.FAIL.get_code(),
                "responseMsg": Status.FAIL.get_msg()
            },
        ))

想要做的功能是,捕获到全局异常时,将接口的请求参数写进去日志文件中,但是打印 request_data = await request.json() 就已经报错了。
附详细报错:
ERROR: Exception in ASGI application
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\protocols\http\h11_impl.py", line 396, in run_asgi
result = await app(self.scope, self.receive, self.send)
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\proxy_headers.py", line 45, in call
return await self.app(scope, receive, send)
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\debug.py", line 96, in call
raise exc from None
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\debug.py", line 78, in call
await self.app(scope, receive, inner_send)
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\fastapi\applications.py", line 199, in call
await super().call(scope, receive, send)
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\applications.py", line 111, in call
await self.middleware_stack(scope, receive, send)
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\errors.py", line 172, in call
response = await self.handler(request, exc)
File "E:\bmTest_fastapi\utils\exception_utils.py", line 57, in all_exception_handler
request_data = await request.json()
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\requests.py", line 226, in json
body = await self.body()
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\requests.py", line 219, in body
async for chunk in self.stream():
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\requests.py", line 204, in stream
message = await self._receive()
File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\requests.py", line 167, in empty_receive
raise RuntimeError("Receive channel has not been made available")
RuntimeError: Receive channel has not been made available
2021-03-08 14:36:57,331 - [ERROR] - run_asgi - [msg]:Exception in ASGI application

  • 399 Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\protocols\http\h11_impl.py", line 396, in run_asgi result = await app(self.scope, self.receive, self.send) File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\proxy_headers.py", line 45, in call return await self.app(scope, receive, send) File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\debug.py", line 96, in call raise exc from None File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\debug.py", line 78, in call await self.app(scope, receive, inner_send) File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\fastapi\applications.py", line 199, in call await super().call(scope, receive, send) File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\applications.py", line 111, in call await self.middleware_stack(scope, receive, send) File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\errors.py", line 172, in call response = await self.handler(request, exc) File "E:\bmTest_fastapi\utils\exception_utils.py", line 57, in all_exception_handler request_data = await request.json() File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\requests.py", line 226, in json body = await self.body() File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\requests.py", line 219, in body async for chunk in self.stream(): File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\requests.py", line 204, in stream message = await self._receive() File "C:\Users\junjie\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\lib\site-packages\starlette\requests.py", line 167, in empty_receive raise RuntimeError("Receive channel has not been made available") RuntimeError: Receive channel has not been made available
最佳回复

填坑 (两个解决方案)

博主 - 测试开发坑货(人称无敌哥)刮遍了整个搜索引擎和 fastapi 的 issues,找到了两个解决方案,无敌卷魔牛逼!

自定义中间件-Middleware

在 FastAPI 应用中使用中间件。
中间件实际上是一个函数,在每个 request 处理之前被调用,同时又在每个 response 返回之前被调用。

  1. 首先接收访问过来的 request。
  2. 然后针对 request 或其他功能执行自定义逻辑。
  3. 传递 request 给应用程序继续处理。
  4. 接收应用所产生的 response。
  5. 然后针对 response 或其他功能执行自定义逻辑。
  6. 返回 response。

详细说明可看官方文档:https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/middleware/?h=middleware

下面是无敌哥 pity 平台代码,详细可看 git(https://github.com/wuranxu/pity

async def set_body(request: Request, body: bytes):
    async def receive() -> Message:
        return {"type": "http.request", "body": body}

    request._receive = receive


async def get_body(request: Request) -> bytes:
    body = await request.body()
    await set_body(request, body)
    return body


@pity.middleware("http")
async def errors_handling(request: Request, call_next):
    body = await request.body()
    try:
        await set_body(request, await request.body())
        return await call_next(request)
    except Exception as exc:
        return JSONResponse(
            status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK,
            content=jsonable_encoder({
                "code": 110,
                "msg": str(exc),
                "request_data": body,
            })
        )

参考 issues:https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/394
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61358669/raise-exception-in-python-fastapi-middleware

自定义路由类-APIRoute

在某些情况下,您可能希望覆盖 Request 和 APIRoute 类使用的逻辑。特别是,这可能是中间件中逻辑的一个很好的替代方案。例如,如果您想在应用程序处理请求正文之前读取或操作请求正文。
详细说明可看官方文档:https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-request-and-route

class ErrorRouter(APIRoute):
    def get_route_handler(self) -> Callable:
        original_route_handler = super().get_route_handler()

        async def custom_route_handler(request: Request) -> Union[Response]:
            try:
                return await original_route_handler(request)
            except Exception as exc:
                log_msg = f"造数平台捕获到系统错误:请求路径:{request.url.path}\n"
                params = request.query_params
                if params:
                    log_msg += f"路径参数:{params}\n"
                boby = await request.body()
                if boby:
                    body = json.dumps(json.loads(boby),ensure_ascii=False)
                    log_msg +=f"请求参数:{body}\n"
                if isinstance(exc, NormalException):
                    return JSONResponse(
                        status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK,
                        content={
                            "responseCode": Status.SYSTEM_EXCEPTION.get_code(),
                            "responseMsg": exc.errorMsg
                        },
                    )
                elif isinstance(exc, RequestValidationError):
                    message = ""
                    for error in exc.errors():
                        message += str(error.get('loc')[-1]) + ":" + str(error.get("msg")) + ","
                    return JSONResponse(
                        status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK,
                        content=jsonable_encoder({
                            "responseCode": Status.PARAM_ILLEGAL.get_code(),
                            "responseMsg": Status.PARAM_ILLEGAL.get_msg() + message[:-1]
                        })
                    )
                log_msg +=f"错误信息:{str(exc.args[0])}"
                mylog.error(log_msg)
                if PlatConfig.SWITCH == 1:
                    WeGroupChatBot.send_text(log_msg)
                return JSONResponse(
                    status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
                    content=jsonable_encoder({
                        "responseCode": Status.FAIL.get_code(),
                        "responseMsg": Status.FAIL.get_msg(),
                        "errorMsg":str(exc.args[0])
                    },
                    ))
        return custom_route_handler

def APIRouter():
    router = AppRouter()
    router.route_class = ErrorRouter
    return router

统一处理之后,再通过类型判断 Exception,返回不同的 Response~
注意:用了自定义错误路由,就不能再用 @app.exception_handler否则会重复捕获!!!

参考 issues:https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/1216
https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/2750

共收到 11 条回复 时间 点赞

不要用这种方法,我之前也是这么写的,但是经常报错,我换了种方式,就是 log 中的 log_msg 作为参数传递过来,不用这个方式


class PermissionException(Exception):
    def __init__(self, body):
        self.body = body

类似于这样,然后在 exc.body 中获取到

终于碰到 fastapi 的人了

fastapi 挺好用的,我们已经有项目应用与生产了。

zhang 回复
class PermissionException(Exception):
    def __init__(self, body):
        self.body = body

class DemoException(PermissionException):
    def __init__(self):
        Exception.__init__(self,self.body)
def register_exception(app: FastAPI):
      @user1r(DemoException)
    async def all_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: DemoException):
        # #query参数:
        # query_data = request.query_params
        # print(query_data)
        print(exc.body)
        log_msg = f"捕获到系统错误:请求路径:{request.url.path}\n错误信息:{traceback.format_exc()}"
        mylog.error(log_msg)
        return JSONResponse(
            status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
            content=jsonable_encoder({
                "responseCode": Status.FAIL.get_code(),
                "responseMsg": Status.FAIL.get_msg()
            },
        ))

用了你的方法还是不行,求解。。。

这时候就无法捕获异常,直接 Internal Server Error,没有进来这个方法。

我这里捕获的是全局报错,不是那种手动抛出异常的。

这段代码是手动捕获异常的处理

# 通用异常处理
class NormalException(Exception):
    def __init__(self, errorMsg: str,body:dict):
        self.errorMsg = str(errorMsg)
        self.body = str(body, encoding = "utf-8")
    # 手动捕获异常处理
    @user1r(NormalException)
    async def unicorn_exception_handler(request: Request, exc: NormalException):
        log_msg = f"手动捕获异常成功====请求路径:{request.url.path}\n请求参数:{exc.body}\n错误信息:{exc.errorMsg}"
        mylog.info(log_msg)
        return JSONResponse(
            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST,
            content={
                "responseCode": Status.SYSTEM_EXCEPTION.get_code(),
                "responseMsg":Status.SYSTEM_EXCEPTION.get_msg(),
                "errorMsg" : exc.errorMsg
            },
        )

填坑 (两个解决方案)

博主 - 测试开发坑货(人称无敌哥)刮遍了整个搜索引擎和 fastapi 的 issues,找到了两个解决方案,无敌卷魔牛逼!

自定义中间件-Middleware

在 FastAPI 应用中使用中间件。
中间件实际上是一个函数,在每个 request 处理之前被调用,同时又在每个 response 返回之前被调用。

  1. 首先接收访问过来的 request。
  2. 然后针对 request 或其他功能执行自定义逻辑。
  3. 传递 request 给应用程序继续处理。
  4. 接收应用所产生的 response。
  5. 然后针对 response 或其他功能执行自定义逻辑。
  6. 返回 response。

详细说明可看官方文档:https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/tutorial/middleware/?h=middleware

下面是无敌哥 pity 平台代码,详细可看 git(https://github.com/wuranxu/pity

async def set_body(request: Request, body: bytes):
    async def receive() -> Message:
        return {"type": "http.request", "body": body}

    request._receive = receive


async def get_body(request: Request) -> bytes:
    body = await request.body()
    await set_body(request, body)
    return body


@pity.middleware("http")
async def errors_handling(request: Request, call_next):
    body = await request.body()
    try:
        await set_body(request, await request.body())
        return await call_next(request)
    except Exception as exc:
        return JSONResponse(
            status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK,
            content=jsonable_encoder({
                "code": 110,
                "msg": str(exc),
                "request_data": body,
            })
        )

参考 issues:https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/394
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61358669/raise-exception-in-python-fastapi-middleware

自定义路由类-APIRoute

在某些情况下,您可能希望覆盖 Request 和 APIRoute 类使用的逻辑。特别是,这可能是中间件中逻辑的一个很好的替代方案。例如,如果您想在应用程序处理请求正文之前读取或操作请求正文。
详细说明可看官方文档:https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/advanced/custom-request-and-route

class ErrorRouter(APIRoute):
    def get_route_handler(self) -> Callable:
        original_route_handler = super().get_route_handler()

        async def custom_route_handler(request: Request) -> Union[Response]:
            try:
                return await original_route_handler(request)
            except Exception as exc:
                log_msg = f"造数平台捕获到系统错误:请求路径:{request.url.path}\n"
                params = request.query_params
                if params:
                    log_msg += f"路径参数:{params}\n"
                boby = await request.body()
                if boby:
                    body = json.dumps(json.loads(boby),ensure_ascii=False)
                    log_msg +=f"请求参数:{body}\n"
                if isinstance(exc, NormalException):
                    return JSONResponse(
                        status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK,
                        content={
                            "responseCode": Status.SYSTEM_EXCEPTION.get_code(),
                            "responseMsg": exc.errorMsg
                        },
                    )
                elif isinstance(exc, RequestValidationError):
                    message = ""
                    for error in exc.errors():
                        message += str(error.get('loc')[-1]) + ":" + str(error.get("msg")) + ","
                    return JSONResponse(
                        status_code=status.HTTP_200_OK,
                        content=jsonable_encoder({
                            "responseCode": Status.PARAM_ILLEGAL.get_code(),
                            "responseMsg": Status.PARAM_ILLEGAL.get_msg() + message[:-1]
                        })
                    )
                log_msg +=f"错误信息:{str(exc.args[0])}"
                mylog.error(log_msg)
                if PlatConfig.SWITCH == 1:
                    WeGroupChatBot.send_text(log_msg)
                return JSONResponse(
                    status_code=status.HTTP_500_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR,
                    content=jsonable_encoder({
                        "responseCode": Status.FAIL.get_code(),
                        "responseMsg": Status.FAIL.get_msg(),
                        "errorMsg":str(exc.args[0])
                    },
                    ))
        return custom_route_handler

def APIRouter():
    router = AppRouter()
    router.route_class = ErrorRouter
    return router

统一处理之后,再通过类型判断 Exception,返回不同的 Response~
注意:用了自定义错误路由,就不能再用 @app.exception_handler否则会重复捕获!!!

参考 issues:https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/1216
https://github.com/tiangolo/fastapi/issues/2750

无敌哥牛逼

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